Label the following species as molecules or ions. (a) NO₃^-

Key Concepts

Molecules

Molecules are neutral entities formed when two or more atoms bond together through covalent bonds. They can consist of the same or different elements and are characterized by their specific molecular formulas. For example, a water molecule (H2O) consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

Ions

Ions are charged species that result from the loss or gain of electrons by an atom or molecule. When an atom loses electrons, it becomes a positively charged cation, while gaining electrons results in a negatively charged anion. The nitrate ion (NO3-) is an example of a negatively charged ion, indicating it has gained an extra electron.

Chemical Nomenclature

Chemical nomenclature is the systematic naming of chemical species based on established rules. It helps in identifying whether a species is a molecule or an ion, as well as its composition. For instance, the notation NO3- indicates that it is a nitrate ion, which is essential for classifying it correctly in the context of the question.