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Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Chapter 4, Problem 41

Assume that an aqueous solution of OH-, represented as a blue sphere, is allowed to mix with a solution of an acid HnA, represented as a red sphere. Three possible outcomes are depicted by boxes (1)–(3), where the green spheres represent An-, the anion of the acid: Which outcome corresponds to each of the following reactions? (a) (b) (c)

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Acid-Base Reactions

Acid-base reactions involve the transfer of protons (H+) between reactants. In this context, the hydroxide ion (OH-) acts as a base, accepting protons from the acid (HnA). The resulting products typically include water and the conjugate base of the acid, represented by the anion An-. Understanding this concept is crucial for predicting the outcomes of the reactions depicted.
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Ionization of Acids

Acids can ionize in solution, releasing protons and forming their corresponding anions. The notation HnA indicates that the acid can donate 'n' protons, leading to the formation of An- when it reacts with a base like OH-. Recognizing how acids dissociate in water helps in determining the products of the reactions shown in the question.
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Reaction Products

The products of acid-base reactions can vary based on the stoichiometry of the reactants. In this scenario, the mixing of OH- and HnA will yield water and the anion An- as products. Identifying the correct outcome for each reaction requires an understanding of how the reactants interact and the resulting species formed, which is essential for matching the outcomes to the depicted boxes.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Assume that an aqueous solution of a cation, represented as a red sphere, is allowed to mix with a solution of an anion, represented as a yellow sphere. Three possible outcomes are represented by boxes (1)–(3):

Which outcome corresponds to each of the following reactions? (a) 2 Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) S (b) Ba2+(aq) + CrO42-(aq) S (c) 2 Ag+(aq) + SO32-(aq) S
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Textbook Question
Assume that an aqueous solution of a cation, represented as a blue sphere, is allowed to mix with a solution of an anion, repre-sented as a red sphere, and that the following result is obtained: Which combinations of cation and anion, chosen from the fol-lowing lists, are compatible with the observed results? Explain Cations: Na+, Ca2+, Ag+, Ni2+ Anions: Cl-, CO3 2-, CrO4 2-, NO3
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Textbook Question
The following pictures represent aqueous solutions of three acids HA (A = X, Y, or Z), with surrounding water mol-ecules omitted for clarity. Which of the three is the strongest acid, and which is the weakest?

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Textbook Question
The concentration of an aqueous solution of NaOCl (sodium hypochlorite; the active ingredient in household bleach) can be determined by a redox titration with iodide ion in acidic solution:

Assume that the blue spheres in the buret represent I-ions, the red spheres in the flask represent OCl-ions, the con-centration of the I-ions in the buret is 0.120 M, and the volumes in the buret and the flask are identical. What is the concentration of NaOCl in the flask? What percentage of the I-solution in the buret must be added to the flask to react with all the OCl-ions?

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Textbook Question

Classify each of the following unbalanced half-reactions as either an oxidation or a reduction. (a) HClO(aq) → Cl2(g)

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Textbook Question

Classify each of the following unbalanced half-reactions as either an oxidation or a reduction. (d) SbCl4-(aq) → SbCl6-(aq)

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