Identify the group 5A element that best fits each of the following descriptions.

(a) Forms strong π bonds

Video transcript

All right. Hi, everyone. So this question says to consider the elements belonging to group five A, which element is most likely to form strong pie bonds. Option A says arsenic. Option B says phosphorus, option C says antimony and option D says nitrogen. Now, first and foremost, I want to go ahead and actually place these elements in in order, right, according to their group. So in group five A, the first element is nitrogen followed by phosphorus, arsenic and antimony. So with that being said, recall, it pi bonds are a type of covalent bond in which electrons are being shared in between two atoms. Right now, pi bonds are a unique type of covalent bond that require the side by side overlap of P orbitals from two different atoms. Now, the strength of a bond is related to the bond length, which is therefore related to the size of the attic, right? Because we're called the shorter bonds are considered to be stronger. And as the size of an atom increases, the internuclear distance is also going to increase, which means that to mitigate this, the bond itself has to be longer, which therefore makes it weaker So if we want to consider which of these elements can form a strong pi bond, we have to consider their atomic radius and recall that atomic radius is going to increase as you go down a group, which means that nitrogen is the smallest in group five A whereas antimony is the largest of the elements being discussed here, right. So if we consider antimony, for example, it has the largest atomic radius of the elements being discussed here, which means that the P or the P orbitals required for bonding are going to be larger and are therefore going to overlap less, which means that its pylons are going to be weaker. Whereas nitrogen's pi bonds are going to be stronger, right? Because nitrogen being the smallest has the shortest internuclear distance in the covalent bond itself, which means that the P orbitals would overlap the best meaning nitrogen is going to have the strongest pi bonds or is most likely to form strong py bonds. So your answer is option D in the multiple choice. And with that being said, thank you so very much for watching. And I hope you found this helpful.