Which represents an F atom with one minus charge (F-)? (a)
(b)
(c)

Key Concepts

Atomic Structure

An atom consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in various energy levels. The number of protons defines the element, while electrons determine its charge. For an F atom, there are 9 protons and typically 9 electrons, resulting in a neutral charge.

Ionic Charge

An ionic charge occurs when an atom gains or loses electrons, resulting in a net charge. An F atom with a one minus charge (F-) has gained an extra electron, bringing its total to 10 electrons. This additional electron gives the atom a negative charge, indicating it is an anion.

Electron Configuration

Electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals. For a neutral fluorine atom, the configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁵. When it becomes F-, the configuration changes to 1s² 2s² 2p⁶, indicating a full outer shell, which is a stable arrangement.