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Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior
Chapter 10, Problem 3

Assume that you have a gas cylinder with a movable piston filled with oxygen. The initial conditions are T = 250 K, n = 0.140 mol O2, and P = 1.00 atm. If the initial volume is 1.0 L, what is the volume when the temperature is increased to 400 K and the pressure is decreased to 0.75 atm? (LO 10.3) (a) 2.1 L (b) 1.2 L (c) 0.83 L (d) 1.6 L

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law is a fundamental equation in chemistry that relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and number of moles (n) of a gas. It is expressed as PV = nRT, where R is the ideal gas constant. This law allows us to predict how a gas will behave under different conditions, making it essential for solving problems involving gas properties.
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Ideal Gas Law Formula

Charles's Law

Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure is held constant. Mathematically, it can be expressed as V1/T1 = V2/T2. This concept is crucial for understanding how changes in temperature affect the volume of a gas, especially in scenarios where pressure varies.
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Boyle's Law

Boyle's Law describes the inverse relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas when temperature is held constant. It can be represented as P1V1 = P2V2. This principle is important for analyzing how changes in pressure will influence the volume of a gas, particularly when temperature is not constant.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
The recommended pressure for inflation of an automobile tire is 35 psi. What is the pressure in units of mm Hg? 11 atm = 14.7 psi; 1 atm = 760 mm Hg2 (LO 10.1) (a) 3.9 * 105 mm Hg (b) 0.68 mm Hg (c) 3.2 * 102 mm Hg (d) 1.8 * 103 mm Hg
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Textbook Question
What is the pressure of the gas inside the bulb (atm) if the outside pressure is 0.92 atm? (a) 1.1 atm (b) 2.6 atm (c) 0.22 atm (d) 0.70 atm
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Textbook Question
Many laboratory gases are sold in steel cylinders with a volume of 43.8 L. What is the mass in grams of argon inside a cylinder whose pressure is 17,180 kPa at 20 °C? (LO 10.4) (a) 1.83 * 107 g (b) 1.81 * 105 g (c) 1.23 * 104 g (d) 122 g
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Textbook Question
Propane gas 1C3H82 is often used as fuel in rural areas. How many liters of CO2 are formed at STP by the complete combustion of the propane in a container with a volume of 15.0 L and a pressure of 4.50 atm at 25.0 °C? The equation for the combustion of propane is: C3H81g2 + 5 O21g2¡3 CO21g2 + 4 H2O1l2 (LO 10.4, 10.5) (a) 61.8 L (b) 186 L (c) 20.6 L (d) 2.21 * 103 L
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Textbook Question
Trimix is a gas mixture consisting of oxygen, helium, and nitrogen used for deep scuba dives. The helium is included to reduce the effects of nitrogen narcosis and oxygen toxicity that occur when too much nitrogen and oxygen dissolve in the blood. A tank of Trimix has a total pressure of 200 atm, and the partial pressure of He is 34 atm. What is the percent by volume of He in the tank? (LO 10.7) (a) 17% (b) 38% (c) 23% (d) 83%
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