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Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement
Chapter 1, Problem 118b

Ocean currents are measured in Sverdrups (sv) where 1 sv = 109 m3/s. The Gulf Stream off the tip of Florida, for instance, has a flow of 35 sv. (b) What mass of water in the Gulf Stream flows past a given point in 24 hours? The density of seawater is 1.025 g/mL.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Sverdrup Measurement

A Sverdrup (sv) is a unit of measurement for ocean current flow, defined as 10^6 cubic meters per second. This unit helps quantify the volume of water moving through a specific area in the ocean, which is crucial for understanding ocean circulation patterns and their effects on climate and marine ecosystems.
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Density of Seawater

The density of seawater, typically around 1.025 g/mL, is a measure of its mass per unit volume. This property is essential for converting volume measurements (like those in Sverdrups) into mass, allowing for calculations related to the total mass of water flowing in ocean currents over time.
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Mass Flow Calculation

To find the mass of water flowing past a point in a given time, one can use the formula: mass = volume × density. By calculating the total volume of water that flows in a specific time frame (e.g., 24 hours) and multiplying it by the density of seawater, one can determine the mass of water that has passed that point.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
A calibrated flask was filled to the 25.00 mL mark with ethyl alcohol. By weighing the flask before and after add-ing the alcohol, it was determined that the flask contained 19.7325 g of alcohol. In a second experiment, 25.0920 g of metal beads were added to the flask, and the flask was again filled to the 25.00 mL mark with ethyl alcohol. The total mass of the metal plus alcohol in the flask was determined to be 38.4704 g. What is the density of the metal in g/mL?
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Textbook Question
Brass is a copper–zinc alloy. What is the mass in grams of a brass cylinder having a length of 1.62 in. and a diameter of 0.514 in. if the composition of the brass is 67.0% copper and 33.0% zinc by mass? The density of copper is 8.92 g/cm3, and the density of zinc is 7.14 g/cm3. Assume that the den-sity of the brass varies linearly with composition.
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Textbook Question

Ocean currents are measured in Sverdrups (sv) where 1 sv = 109 m3/s. The Gulf Stream off the tip of Florida, for instance, has a flow of 35 sv. (a) What is the flow of the Gulf Stream in milliliters per minute?

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Textbook Question

Ocean currents are measured in Sverdrups (sv) where 1 sv = 109 m3/s. The Gulf Stream off the tip of Florida, for instance, has a flow of 35 sv. (c) How much time is required for 1 petaliter (PL; 1 PL = 1015 L) of seawater to flow past a given point?

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Textbook Question

The element gallium (Ga) has the second-largest liquid range of any element, melting at 29.78 °C and boiling at 2204 °C at atmospheric pressure. (a) What is the density of gallium in g/cm3 at 25 °C if a 1 in. cube has a mass of 0.2133 lb?

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Textbook Question

The element gallium (Ga) has the second-largest liquid range of any element, melting at 29.78 °C and boiling at 2204 °C at atmospheric pressure. (b) Assume that you construct a thermometer using gallium as the fluid instead of mercury and that you define the melting point of gallium as 0 °G and the boiling point of gallium as 1000 °G. What is the melting point of sodium chloride (801 °C) on the gallium scale?

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