Constitutional isomers of a ruthenium(II) coordination compound are shown below.
(a) Give the formula and name for structures 1-3.
(b) Which structures are linkage isomers? 
(c) Which structures are ionization isomers?

Verified step by step guidance

1. <b>Step 1:</b> Understand the concept of constitutional isomers. Constitutional isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms. In coordination chemistry, this can involve different arrangements of ligands around the central metal atom.
2. <b>Step 2:</b> Identify the formula and name for each structure. Examine each structure to determine the ligands attached to the ruthenium(II) center and their arrangement. Use IUPAC naming conventions for coordination compounds to name each structure.
3. <b>Step 3:</b> Determine which structures are linkage isomers. Linkage isomers occur when a ligand can coordinate to the metal center through different atoms. Look for ligands that can bind through multiple atoms, such as NO2- (which can bind through nitrogen or oxygen).
4. <b>Step 4:</b> Identify which structures are ionization isomers. Ionization isomers occur when a ligand inside the coordination sphere can exchange places with an anion or neutral molecule outside the coordination sphere. Compare the structures to see if any such exchanges have occurred.
5. <b>Step 5:</b> Summarize your findings. List the formula and name for each structure, identify the linkage isomers, and identify the ionization isomers based on your analysis.

Key Concepts

Coordination Compounds

Coordination compounds consist of a central metal atom or ion bonded to surrounding molecules or ions called ligands. The arrangement and types of ligands can lead to different structural forms, known as isomers. Understanding the basic structure of coordination compounds is essential for identifying and naming the various isomers presented in the question.

Isomerism in Coordination Compounds

Isomerism in coordination compounds occurs when two or more compounds have the same formula but different arrangements of atoms. Linkage isomers arise when a ligand can attach to the metal in different ways, while ionization isomers differ in the ions that are present in solution. Recognizing these types of isomerism is crucial for answering parts (b) and (c) of the question.

Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds

The nomenclature of coordination compounds follows specific rules set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). This includes naming the ligands, indicating their number, and specifying the oxidation state of the metal. Properly applying these rules is necessary to accurately provide the names and formulas for the structures in part (a) of the question.