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Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry
Chapter 20, Problem 101

Molybdenum-99 is formed by neutron bombardment of a naturally occurring isotope of Mo. If one neutron is absorbed and no by-products are formed, what is the starting isotope?

Verified step by step guidance
1
Identify the naturally occurring isotopes of molybdenum (Mo). These include Mo-92, Mo-94, Mo-95, Mo-96, Mo-97, Mo-98, and Mo-100.
Understand that neutron bombardment involves the absorption of a neutron by the nucleus of an atom, which increases the mass number by 1 while the atomic number remains unchanged.
Set up the equation for the nuclear reaction: \( ^A_{42}\text{Mo} + ^1_0\text{n} \rightarrow ^{99}_{42}\text{Mo} \), where \( A \) is the mass number of the starting isotope.
Solve for \( A \) by recognizing that the mass number of the starting isotope plus 1 (from the neutron) should equal 99, the mass number of the product isotope.
Determine which naturally occurring isotope of molybdenum has a mass number that, when increased by 1, results in 99.
Related Practice
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Balance the following equations for the nuclear fission of 235U. (b)

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Element was prepared in 1982 by bombardment of atoms with atoms. Identify the other product that must have formed, and write a balanced nuclear equation assuming no other products were formed.
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Open Question
One of the new superheavy elements added to the periodic table in 2016 was synthesized when a beam of 48Ca ions was directed at a target of 249Cf. (a) Write a balanced nuclear equation for the formation of this element. (b) What isotope is formed after the nuclide formed in the nuclear transmutation reaction in part (a) emits four alpha particles?
Textbook Question
One of the new superheavy elements added to the periodic table in 2016 was synthesized when a beam of 48Ca ions was directed at a target of 243Am. (a) Write a balanced nuclear equation for the formation of this element. (b) What isotope is formed after the nuclide formed in the nuclear transmutation reaction in part (a) emits one alpha particle? (c) How many alpha particles were emitted to reach the isotope 268Db, the final decay product?
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Textbook Question
Fraud in science is rare but does happen occasionally. In 1999, the creation of three superheavy elements (one new) was claimed when 208Pb was bombarded with 86Kr. The claim was subsequently found to be fraudulent and was with-drawn. Identify the isotopes X, Y, and Z that were claimed.
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