Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurs when (b) silver(I) oxide decomposes into silver metal and oxygen gas when heated (c) propanol, C₃H₇OH(l) burns in air (d) methyl tert-butyl ether, C₅H₁₂O(l), burns in air.

(b) Menthol, the substance we can smell in mentholated cough drops, is composed of C, H, and O. A 0.1005-g sample of menthol is combusted, producing 0.2829 g of CO₂ and 0.1159 g of H₂O. What is the empirical formula for menthol? If menthol has a molar mass of 156 g/mol, what is its molecular formula?

Nitrogen 1N22 and hydrogen 1H22 react to form ammonia 1NH32. Consider the mixture of N2 and H2 shown in the accompanying diagram. The blue spheres represent N, and the white ones represent H. (d) If so, how many of which type are left over?

How many N2 molecules are left over?

When a mixture of 10.0 g of acetylene (C₂H₂) and 10.0 g of oxygen (O₂) is ignited, the resulting combustion reaction produces CO₂ and H₂O. (c) How many grams of CO₂ and H₂O are present after the reaction is complete?

An element X forms an iodide (XI₃) and a chloride (XCl₃). The iodide is quantitatively converted to the chloride when it is heated in a stream of chlorine: 2 XI₃ + 3 Cl₂ → 2 XCl₃ + 3 I₂ If 0.5000 g of XI₃ is treated with chlorine, 0.2360 g of XCl₃ is obtained. (a) Calculate the atomic weight of the element X. (b) Identify the element X.

Several brands of antacids use Al1OH23 to react with stomach acid, which contains primarily HCl: Al(OH)₃(s) + HCl(aq) → AlCl₃(aq) + H₂O(l) (b) Calculate the number of grams of HCl that can react with 0.500 g of Al(OH)₃. (c) Calculate the number of grams of AlCl₃ and the number of grams of H₂O formed when 0.500 g of Al(OH)₃ reacts.

Write balanced chemical equations to correspond to each of the following descriptions: (d) When solid mercury(II) nitrate is heated, it decomposes to form solid mercury(II) oxide, gaseous nitrogen dioxide, and oxygen. (e) Copper metal reacts with hot concentrated sulfuric acid solution to form aqueous copper(II) sulfate, sulfur dioxide gas, and water.

Write balanced chemical equations to correspond to each of the following descriptions: (a) When sulfur trioxide gas reacts with water, a solution of sulfuric acid forms. (b) Boron sulfide, B₂S₃(s), reacts violently with water to form dissolved boric acid, H₃BO₃, and hydrogen sulfide gas.

When a mixture of 10.0 g of acetylene (C₂H₂) and 10.0 g of oxygen (O₂) is ignited, the resulting combustion reaction produces CO₂ and H₂O. (c) How many grams of C₂H₂ are present after the reaction is complete?

Nitrogen 1N22 and hydrogen 1H22 react to form ammonia 1NH32. Consider the mixture of N2 and H2 shown in the accompanying diagram. The blue spheres represent N, and the white ones represent H. (d) Are any reactant molecules left over, based on the diagram?

An iron ore sample contains Fe₂O₃ together with other substances. Reaction of the ore with CO produces iron metal: Fe₂O₃(s) + CO(g) → Fe(s) + CO₂(g) (b) Calculate the number of grams of CO that can react with 0.350 kg of Fe₂O₃. (c) Calculate the number of grams of Fe and the number of grams of CO₂ formed when 0.350 kg of Fe₂O₃ reacts.

The reaction between reactant A (blue spheres) and reactant B (red spheres) is shown in the following diagram:

Based on this diagram, which equation best describes the reaction? (a) A2 + B¡A2B (b) A2 + 4 B¡2 AB2 (c) 2 A + B4¡2 AB2 (d) A + B2¡AB2

The following diagram shows the combination reaction between hydrogen, H₂, and carbon monoxide, CO, to produce methanol, CH₃OH (white spheres are H, black spheres are C, red spheres are O). The correct number of CO molecules involved in this reaction is not shown. (a) Determine the number of CO molecules that should be shown in the left (reactants) box.

The following diagram shows the combination reaction between hydrogen, H₂, and carbon monoxide, CO, to produce methanol, CH₃OH (white spheres are H, black spheres are C, red spheres are O). The correct number of CO molecules involved in this reaction is not shown. (b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

The following diagram represents the collection of elements formed by a decomposition reaction. (a) If the blue spheres represent N atoms and the red ones represent O atoms, what was the empirical formula of the original compound?

The following diagram represents the collection of CO2 and H2O molecules formed by complete combustion of a hydrocarbon. What is the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon?

Glycine, an amino acid used by organisms to make proteins, is represented by the following molecular model. (a) Write its molecular formula.

Glycine, an amino acid used by organisms to make proteins, is represented by the following molecular model. (c) Calculate how many moles of glycine are in a 100.0-g sample of glycine.

Glycine, an amino acid used by organisms to make proteins, is represented by the following molecular model. (d) Calculate the percent nitrogen by mass in glycine.

The following diagram represents a high-temperature reaction between CH4 and H2O. Based on this reaction, find how many moles of each product can be obtained starting with 4.0 mol CH4.

Based on this reaction, find how many moles of CO can be obtained starting with 4.0 mol CH4?

The following diagram represents a high-temperature reaction between CH4 and H2O. Based on this reaction, find how many moles of each product can be obtained starting with 4.0 mol CH4. Based on this reaction, how many moles of H2 can be obtained starting with 4.0 mol CH4?

Nitrogen 1N22 and hydrogen 1H22 react to form ammonia 1NH32. Consider the mixture of N2 and H2 shown in the accompanying diagram. The blue spheres represent N, and the white ones represent H. (a) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction.

Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen react to form nitrogen dioxide. Consider the mixture of NO and O2 shown in the accompanying diagram. The blue spheres represent N, and the red ones represent O. (a) How many molecules of NO2 can be formed, assuming the reaction goes to completion?

Nitrogen monoxide and oxygen react to form nitrogen dioxide. Consider the mixture of NO and O2 shown in the accompanying diagram. The blue spheres represent N, and the red ones represent O. (c) If the actual yield of the reaction was 75% instead of 100%, how many molecules of each kind would be present after the reaction was over?

Write 'true' or 'false' for each statement. (a) We balance chemical equations as we do because energy must be conserved.

Write 'true' or 'false' for each statement. (b) If the reaction 2 O₃(g) → 3 O₂(g) goes to completion and all O₃ is converted to O₂, then the mass of O₃ at the beginning of the reaction must be the same as the mass of O₂ at the end of the reaction.

A key step in balancing chemical equations is correctly identifying the formulas of the reactants and products. For example, consider the reaction between calcium oxide, CaO(s), and H2O1l2 to form aqueous calcium hydroxide. (b) Is it possible to balance the equation if you incorrectly identify the product as CaOH1aq2, and if so, what is the equation?

Balance the following equations: c. CH4(𝑔)+Cl2(𝑔)⟶CCl4(𝑙)+HCl(𝑔)

Balance the following equations: b. TiCl4(𝑙)+H2O(𝑙)⟶TiO2(𝑠)+HCl(𝑎𝑞)

Balance the following equations: c. NH4NO3(𝑠)⟶N2(𝑔)+O2(𝑔)+H2O(𝑔)