Textbook Question
(b) How many valence electrons does a nitrogen atom possess?
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Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding
Chapter 8, Problem 11b
Ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, is a very soluble salt in water. (b) Is there an N—Cl bond in solid ammonium chloride?
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Understand the structure of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). It consists of ammonium ions (NH4+) and chloride ions (Cl-).
Recognize that ammonium chloride is an ionic compound. Ionic compounds are formed by the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Consider the nature of ionic bonds. In ionic compounds, the ions are held together by ionic bonds, not covalent bonds between specific atoms.
Identify the types of bonds present in ammonium chloride. The ammonium ion (NH4+) itself has covalent bonds between nitrogen and hydrogen atoms, but the interaction between NH4+ and Cl- is ionic.
Conclude that there is no direct N—Cl covalent bond in solid ammonium chloride. The compound is held together by ionic interactions between NH4+ and Cl- ions.
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