Textbook Question
(a) Which is more likely to eventually be shown to be incorrect: an hypothesis or a theory?
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Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement
Chapter 1, Problem 69a
Two students determine the percentage of lead in a sample as a laboratory exercise. The true percentage is 22.52%. The students’ results for three determinations are as follows: (1) 22.52, 22.48, 22.54 (2) 22.64, 22.58, 22.62 (a) Calculate the average percentage for each set of data and state which set is the more accurate based on the average.
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Calculate the average percentage for the first set of data by adding the three values (22.52, 22.48, 22.54) and dividing by the number of values, which is 3.
Calculate the average percentage for the second set of data by adding the three values (22.64, 22.58, 22.62) and dividing by the number of values, which is 3.
Compare the calculated average of each set to the true percentage value of 22.52% to determine which set is more accurate.
Accuracy is determined by how close the average of the measurements is to the true value. The set with the average closest to 22.52% is considered more accurate.
State which set of data is more accurate based on the comparison of the averages to the true percentage value.
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Textbook Question
Two students determine the percentage of lead in a sample as a laboratory exercise. The true percentage is 22.52%. The students' results for three determinations are as follows: (1) 22.52, 22.48, 22.54 (2) 22.64, 22.58, 22.62 (b) Precision can be judged by examining the average of the deviations from the average value for that data set. (Calculate the average value for each data set; then calculate the average value of the absolute deviations of each measurement from the average.) Which set is more precise?
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