Textbook Question
How many hydrogen atoms are in each of the following: (a) C2H5OH? (b) Ca(C2H5COO)2? (c) (NH4)3PO4?
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Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement140
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions192
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry172
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution156
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry151
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms137
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements127
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding143
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories167
- Ch.10 - Gases147
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces97
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials129
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions126
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics175
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium107
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria127
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria133
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment88
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics140
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry137
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry99
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals66
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry69
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry11
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 2, Problem 53
Write the molecular and structural formulas for the compounds represented by the following molecular models:
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Identify the different types of atoms in the molecular model. The grey spheres represent carbon (C) atoms, the white spheres represent hydrogen (H) atoms, and the yellow sphere represents a sulfur (S) atom.
Count the number of each type of atom in the model. There are 3 carbon atoms, 8 hydrogen atoms, and 1 sulfur atom.
Write the molecular formula based on the count of each type of atom: C3H8S.
Determine the connectivity of the atoms to write the structural formula. The central carbon is bonded to a sulfur atom and two other carbon atoms. Each of these carbon atoms is bonded to hydrogen atoms to complete their valence.
Draw the structural formula: CH3-CH2-CH2-SH.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Molecular Formula
The molecular formula of a compound indicates the number and types of atoms present in a molecule. It is expressed using chemical symbols, where each element's symbol is followed by a subscript that denotes the number of atoms of that element in the molecule. For example, the molecular formula C2H6 indicates a molecule containing two carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms.
Structural Formula
The structural formula provides a visual representation of the arrangement of atoms within a molecule, showing how atoms are bonded to each other. It can depict single, double, or triple bonds and the spatial orientation of the atoms. This is crucial for understanding the molecule's geometry and reactivity, as different arrangements can lead to different chemical properties.
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Structural Formula
3D Molecular Models
3D molecular models are physical or digital representations of molecules that illustrate their three-dimensional structure. These models help visualize the spatial arrangement of atoms and the bonds between them, which is essential for understanding molecular interactions and properties. They can also aid in predicting the behavior of molecules in chemical reactions and biological systems.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Write the molecular and structural formulas for the compounds represented by the following models:
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Textbook Question
Write the empirical formula corresponding to each of the following molecular formulas: (c) C4H8O2
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Textbook Question
Determine the molecular and empirical formulas of the following: (b) the compound silicon tetrachloride, which has a silicon atom and four chlorine atoms and is used in the manufacture of computer chips
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Textbook Question
Using the periodic table, predict the charge of the most stable ion of the following elements: (a) Li (b) Ba (c) Po (d) I
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Textbook Question
Each of the following elements is capable of forming an ion in chemical reactions. By referring to the periodic table, predict the charge of the most stable ion of each: (a) Be (b) Rb (c) As (d) In (e) At.
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