VISUAL SKILLS In Figure 26.4, which similarly inclusive taxon is represented as descending from the same common ancestor as Canidae? a. Felidae b. Mustelidae c. Carnivora d. Lutra

Key Concepts

Taxonomy

Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms into hierarchical categories based on shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships. It includes ranks such as domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. Understanding taxonomy is crucial for identifying how different species, such as Canidae (dogs) and other families, are related through common ancestors.

Phylogenetic Tree

A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among various biological species based on similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics. The branches of the tree indicate how species diverged from common ancestors over time. Analyzing a phylogenetic tree helps in understanding the evolutionary lineage of taxa like Canidae and their relatives.

Common Ancestor

A common ancestor refers to a species from which two or more different species have evolved. In evolutionary biology, identifying common ancestors helps trace the lineage and evolutionary history of organisms. For example, Canidae shares a common ancestor with other families within the order Carnivora, which is essential for understanding their evolutionary relationships.