Answer questions 5 through 10 by choosing responses from the following:

a. ammonium ions
b. bicarbonate
c. calcium
d. chloride
e. hydrogen ions
f. magnesium
g. phosphate
h. potassium
i. sodium
j. water

Two main substances regulated by the influence of aldosterone on the kidney tubules.

Question

Answer questions 5 through 10 by choosing responses from the following:

a. ammonium ions
b. bicarbonate
c. calcium
d. chloride
e. hydrogen ions
f. magnesium
g. phosphate
h. potassium
i. sodium
j. water

Two main substances regulated by the influence of aldosterone on the kidney tubules.

Accepted Answer

Welcome back everyone. Let's look at our next problem. It says answer the question by choosing appropriate responses from the following. And then we have seven different statements. And then the question which of the above options correctly matches the ions with their descriptions and then four different answer choices with different combinations of statements from above. So we'll work our way through the statements, picking out the correct matching of ion and description. So number one says sodium, it is reabsorbed from the proximal con convoluted tubule in exchange for potassium. Well, this is a correct description. Potassium and sodium are exchanged for each other being both positively charged ions. They can be exchanged for each other without affecting the electrochemical gradient. And that's all part of maintaining the electrolyte balance in the kidney. So number one is a correct statement. Number two says potassium ions, they are present outside the cell in a 10 times higher concentration than inside. Well, this statement is incorrect because potassium ions are present inside the cell in a much higher concentration than outside. So that's incorrect. So number two is not proper a proper description of the ion. So now on a test. If I were going quickly, I would probably go ahead and use these answers to eliminate and see if I can get down to one or two correct answer choices rather than have to go through every single statement. Uh, that's kind of a common thing on a test where you might have a really long problem like this and be tempted to work your way through the whole thing. But you'd find out that in actuality, you only have to look at one or two of these statements to be able to rule out most of the answers. So we know that one, number one is correct and should be one of the options in the answer. And number two is incorrect. So when we look at choice A, it has 12 and three as the correctly matched descriptions, we know that number one is correct, but number two is not. So even just looking at our first two statements, we can eliminate choice A choice B says four and five, it doesn't have number one as a correct answer. So we can cross that out right away. Then choice C has 15 and seven. It has one but not two. So it might be our answer and then choice D says 24 and six, but we know that one is correct and two isn't. So that is not our answer. So right away, just by looking at our first two statements, if I were on a test, I now have my answer of choice. C 15 and seven and I could pick that and move on without working my way through this whole long problem. But in this video, we're going to be thorough and go through each one. But just wanted to mention that in terms of test taking strategy statement. Number three says calcium, it has the least concentration in the sarcoplasm reticulum. However, the sarcoplasm reticulum is that part of the muscle cell that stores and releases calcium during muscle contractions. So that's actually has a very high concentration of calcium. So that would be an incorrect answer since the sarco plastic reticulum has probably the most amount of calcium. It now we move on to number four hydrogen ions. They are secreted in the renal tubules to reabsorb potassium ions. But potassium ions are reabsorbed in the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct in exchange for calcium ions, not hydrogen ions. So this is not going to be our correct statement. So we'll go ahead and cross out number four and CALS. In addition, the hydrogen ions are secreted as part of the Ph control system uh in part of a cycle that allows the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions. Let's move on to number five, it says phosphate, it is present in the genetic material DNA and RN A and also helps in the formation of the energy currency of the cell A TP. Well, this is correct So number five is a correct statement. The number six says ammonium ions, they help in the formation of urea in the DC T. But this one is not correct. Ammonium ions are not involved in the formation of urea. That would be the urea cycle that forms urea from toxic ammonia, not ammonium ions. So number six, not a correct statement. And finally, by carbonate ion HCO three minus, it plays a crucial role in the reabsorption of hydrogen ions in the kidneys. And this is correct, this is part of that system that regulates the ph in the kidneys. And by carbonate ion is a buffer. And although hydrogen ions are more commonly secreted by the kidneys because a lot of processes in the body uh cause the production of these hydrogen ions. Sometimes you might have a low H plus concentration and need to reabsorb some hydrogen ions. And in that case, the bicarbonate ion is the ion involved there. So we have our correct answers. 15 and seven which confirm the answer we picked by elimination. Choice. C 15 and seven are correctly matched statements of ions with their descriptions. See you in the next video.

Answer questions 5 through 10 by choosing responses from the following: a. ammonium ions b. bicarbonate c. calcium d. chloride e. hydrogen ions f. magnesium g. phosphate h. potassium i. sodium j. water Two main substances regulated by the influence of aldosterone on the kidney tubules.

Verified Solution

Key Concepts

Aldosterone

Kidney Tubules

Electrolyte Balance