Chapter 25, Problem 25.5a
Fill in the blanks. A cell in a/an ________ fluid will lose water, and a cell in a/an ________ fluid will gain water.
Video transcript
As a percentage of body weight, the total body water tends to be higher in ________ and lower in ________ .
a. infants; men
b. women; men
c. men; infants
d. infants; women
Diabetic ketoacidosis is characterized by an increased level of ketone bodies, which causes metabolic acidosis. A patient in diabetic ketoacidosis will have an altered rate of ventilation. Will the patient be hyperventilating or hypoventilating? How will a change in the rate and depth of ventilation compensate for an acidosis that is metabolic in nature?
A laboratory printout of arterial blood gases indicates that a patient has an increased Pco₂ , decreased pH, and normal bicarbonate ion concentration. Is this patient in acidosis or alkalosis? Is the pH disturbance respiratory or metabolic in nature? Explain your reasoning. How long do you think the patient has had this pH disturbance? (Hint: Look at the bicarbonate ion concentration. What system controls the concentration of bicarbonate ions, and how quickly does it compensate for pH disturbances?)
What happens to the concentration of sodium ions in the ECF if you consume a large amount of salt without consuming any water? How will this affect the osmotic pressure of the ECF? Why could this lead to an elevation in blood pressure? (Connects to Chapter 19)See answers in Appendix A.
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
a. The thirst mechanism is mediated by osmoreceptors located in the cerebral cortex.
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
b. The sensible water loss includes the water lost from the body via the skin and the respiratory system.