23. The Digestive System

The Stomach

23. The Digestive System

The Stomach

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The Stomach Example 2

The Stomach Example 1

Layers of the Stomach

Gross Anatomy of the Stomach

The Stomach Example 4

The Stomach Example 3

Digestion in the Stomach

Bruce Bryan

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Stomach Histology, Gastric Pits

Phases of Digestion – Gastrointestinal System | Lecturio

Stomach Anatomy (Topography, External Features, Parts, Layers)

Parietal Cell Physiology

Wallace's Anatomy and Physiology

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13:06

Digestive System Secretion

Mechanism of HCL Secretion

Control of the Digestive System

Digestive System, Part 2: Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology #34

Anatomy Review Digestive

Phases of Digestion – Gastrointestinal System | Lecturio

Human digestive system - How it works! (Animation)

Control of the GI Tract: The Roles of Gastrin, CCK, Secretin, Motilin and Gastric Inhibitory Peptide

Regulation of Gastric Secretion

Structure & Functions Of The Stomach

Gastric Gland Secretion

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Practice this topic

Textbook Question

How does each of the three phases of gastric secretion promote and facilitate gastric control?

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Multiple Choice

Pepsin enzymatically digests __________.

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Textbook Question

Describe the regulation of the cephalic, gastric, and intestinal phases of gastric secretion.

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Multiple Choice

Proton Pump Inhibitors (or PPIs) are some of the widely used drugs in the world and are prescribed for chronic heartburn/acid reflux. They work by inhibiting the movement of H⁺ ions across the membrane into the gastric juice, thereby lowering the concentration of HCl. As described, which cell of the gastric glands would you expect PPIs to affect?

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Textbook Question

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Where in the stomach do the strongest peristaltic waves occur? a. b. c. d.

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Multiple Choice

The only stomach function that is essential to life is __________.

Trace the path of a single protein molecule that has been ingested. The protein molecule will be digested by enzymes made by a. the mouth, stomach, and colon, b. the stomach, liver, and small intestine, c. the small intestine, mouth, and liver, d. the pancreas, stomach, and small intestine.

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Textbook Question

A surgical procedure known as gastric bypass involves removing all or part of the stomach.

b. How would stomach removal affect absorption of vitamin B12? Explain.

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following products does the stomach produce?

Troy Francis, a middle-aged salesman, complains of a burning pain in the 'pit of his stomach,' usually beginning about two hours after eating and abating after drinking a glass of milk. When asked to indicate the site, he points to his epigastric region. The GI tract is examined by X-ray fluoroscopy. A gastric ulcer is visualized, and drug therapy using a proton pump inhibitor and antibiotics is recommended. a. Why is this treatment suggested? b. What are the possible consequences of nontreatment?

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Multiple Choice

The phases of gastric secretion, from first to last, are __________.

The sphincter between the stomach and duodenum is a. the pyloric sphincter, b. the gastroesophageal sphincter, c. the hepatopancreatic sphincter, d. the ileocecal valve.

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Multiple Choice

Which area/structure is NOT a component of the pyloric part of the stomach?

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Multiple Choice

Which layer of the muscularis externa only exists in the stomach?

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Textbook Question

How is the stomach protected from digestion?

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Textbook Question

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Match the letter of the digestive organ shown in the figure with its function. ___ churning occurs here

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Textbook Question

Nutritionists have found that after a heavy meal, the pH of blood increases slightly, especially in the veins that carry blood away from the stomach. What causes this increase in blood pH?

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following cells produce pepsinogen?

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Textbook Question

The lamina propria forms part of the a. muscularis externa, b. submucosa, c. serosa, d. mucosa.

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements about chemical digestion in the stomach are correct:

I. Lipid digestion is begun by enzymes known as lipases.

II. HCl is breaks starches into component monosaccharides.

III. Proteins are denatured by the protein pepsin.

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Textbook Question

Match the following terms with the correct definition.

____Chief cells

____Parietal cells

____Gastrin

____Pyloric sphincter

____Diffuse neuroendocrine (DNES) cells

____Gastroesophageal sphincter

____Pepsin

____Chyme

a. Hormone that stimulates multiple digestive processes

b. Enzyme that begins protein digestion

c. Produce acid and intrinsic factor

d. Liquid produced as a result of stomach churning

e. Produce pepsinogen

f. Cells in gastric glands that produce hormones

g. Controls passage of bolus from esophagus to stomach

h. Controls passage of stomach contents to duodenum

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Multiple Choice

During the intestinal phase of gastric regulation, __________.

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Textbook Question

Which of the following occurs/occur during the cephalic phase of gastric acid secretion?

a. Stimulation of gastrin and histamine release

b. Direct stimulation of parietal cells

c. Inhibition of somatostatin release

d. Both a and b are correct.

e. All of the above are correct.

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Multiple Choice

Within the gastric glands, which cells would you expect to find closest to the gastric pits?

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Multiple Choice

Mixing of the chyme with gastric juice is achieved via:

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Multiple Choice

The increased concentration of HCO₃^– in blood draining from the stomach is called __________.

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Multiple Choice

Rugae are formed by the two inner most layer of the stomach adjacent to the lumen when the stomach is empty. Knowing this, which stomach layers form the rugae?

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Textbook Question

A young woman is put through an extensive battery of tests to determine the cause of her stomach pains. She is diagnosed with gastric ulcers. An antihistamine drug is prescribed, and she is sent home. What is the mechanism of her medication? What life-threatening problems can result from a poorly managed ulcer? Why did the clinic doctor warn the woman not to take aspirin?

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Textbook Question

A surgical procedure known as gastric bypass involves removing all or part of the stomach.

a. Ms. Anthony has undergone gastric bypass and her stomach has been removed entirely. She goes out to dinner and eats an extremely large meal. Explain what will happen in her small and large intestine following this meal.

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Textbook Question

Someone has eaten a meal of buttered toast, cream, and eggs. Which of the following would you expect to happen? a. Compared to the period shortly after the meal, gastric motility and secretion of HCl decrease when the food reaches the duodenum; b. gastric motility increases even as the person is chewing the food (before swallowing); c. fat will be emulsified in the duodenum by the action of bile; d. all of these.

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Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c. Smooth muscle of the stomach contracts when food enters from the esophagus.

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