20. The Lymphatic System

How are collecting lymphatic vessels different from veins?

2823

Entry of lymph into the lymphatic capillaries is promoted by which of the following? a. one-way minivalves formed by overlapping endothelial cells, b. the respiratory pump, c. the skeletal muscle pump, d. greater fluid pressure in the interstitial space.

152

Blood plasma and lymph are identical except for their respective locations in the body.

1661

Which of the following lymphatic trunks is unpaired?

1040

Compare and contrast blood, interstitial fluid, and lymph.

218

All lymph is eventually returned to circulation via the __________.

What lymphatic vessel collects interstitial fluid?

What part of the lymphatic system is most closely associated with capillary beds?

Lymphatic vessels a. serve as sites for immune surveillance, b. filter lymph, c. transport leaked plasma proteins and fluids to the cardiovascular system, d. are represented by vessels that resemble arteries, capillaries, and veins.

229

One of the major functions of the lymphatic system is __________.

At the end of the lymphatic system, lymph is returned to the _________; specifically to the ___________.

Which statement is true of the thoracic duct?

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Which of the following connect to the lymph node at the hilum? a. Afferent lymphatic vessels b. Efferent lymphatic vessels c. Trabeculae d. Anchoring filaments

153

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

c. Fat-containing lymph from the intestines drains into the cisterna chyli.

Compare and contrast blood, interstitial fluid, and lymph.

135

Which of the following features is NOT common to both lymphatic collecting ducts and veins?

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of lymphatic vessels?

The sac that often forms the initial portion of the thoracic duct is the a. lacteal, b. right lymphatic duct, c. cisterna chyli, d. lymph sac.

210

What lymphatic structure absorbs lipids in the intestine?

a. Which anatomical characteristic ensures that the flow of lymph through a lymph node is slow? b. Why is this desirable?

235

Mrs. Morrow, a 59-year-old woman, has undergone a left radical mastectomy (removal of the left breast and left axillary lymph nodes and vessels). Her left arm is severely swollen and painful, and she is unable to raise it more than shoulder height. (a) Explain her signs and symptoms. (b) Can she expect relief from these symptoms in time? How so?

167

Which of the following vessels transport interstitial fluid that leaks from the vascular system back into the blood?

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Lymph capillaries a. are open-ended, like drinking straws. b. have continuous tight junctions, like the capillaries of the brain. c. contain endothelial cells separated by flaplike valves that can open wide. d. have special barriers that stop cancer cells from entering.

139

Which of the following is NOT a function of lymphatic vessels?

Multiple Choice More than one choice may apply. Which parts of the lymph node show increased activity when antibody production is high? a. b. c. d.

156

There are no lymphatic arteries. Why isn't this a problem?

343

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. Lymph from the lower limbs drains into the right lymphatic duct.

Which sequence best describes the flow of lymph through the lymphatic system?

After sitting for hours on a long flight where movement is limited, people may experience some swelling in their legs and feet. Which of the following explains this phenomenon?

Anatomically, lymphatic vessels resemble (a) elastic arteries, (b) muscular arteries, (c) arterioles, (d) medium veins, (e) the venae cavae.

116

Lymph nodes are densely clustered in all of the following body areas except a. brain, b. the axillae, c. the groin, d. the cervical region.

172

Which statement below describes the lymphatic system's role in relation to the cardiovascular system?

1934

Lymph from the right arm, the right half of the head, and the right chest is received by the (a) cisterna chyli, (b) right lymphatic duct, (c) right thoracic duct, (d) aorta.

125

Which of the following is NOT a function of lymphatic vessels?

Paula's grandfather is diagnosed as having lung cancer. His physician takes biopsies of several lymph nodes from neighboring regions of the body, and Paula wonders why, since his cancer is in the lungs. What would you tell her?

132

Mrs. Jackson, a 59-year-old woman, has undergone a left radical mastectomy (removal of the left breast and left axillary lymph nodes and vessels). Her left arm is severely swollen and painful, and she is unable to raise it to more than shoulder height. a. Explain her signs and symptoms. b. Can she expect to have relief from these symptoms in time? How so?

131

True or False: Lymph originating from your head is always drained through the thoracic duct.

Why is it important for lymphatic capillaries to be closely associated with cardiovascular capillaries?