Alright guys, I hope you're excited for this video. This is where I took everything we've learned so far and I put it all onto one page and we just got a ton of information all crammed in here, so let's check it out. So here we go. I've got it nice and organized for you. We're going to start with our price elasticities of demand and supply. So, we got our titles there and then I've got your formulas right next to it. Right? I've got those super shorthand. I think you should feel comfortable with reading that by now. We've got percentage change in quantity demanded divided by percentage change in price there, right? So, that's going to be your formula that you should use and then I've got all the different ways you can end up with an answer, right. You're going to be able to analyze your answers based on this column. You're going to get an answer above 1. Boom. You know it's elastic. You can't forget it there. And here I made a note, absolute value. Right? So for both of these, price elasticity of demand and price elasticity of supply, it's always going to be positive numbers, right? Always positive numbers, we use the absolute value, don't worry about negative and positive. And here on the right, I've got the steps that we've been using, right? That step by step process to subtract, to add, and remember these steps worked for all of our elasticities that we've worked on so far. The only thing you had to note was what were our 2 variables, right? For price elasticity of demand and supply, we had quantities and price, right? Quantity demanded or quantity supplied and price on the denominator. Same steps, right? Income, right. So that's why I kind of italicized these is just because those are our 2 variables. I left it as the one for elasticity of demand just because it's the most common one, but you should be comfortable substituting that for income or across price, right? Whatever it is, just use your two variables from the problem. So there you have your price elasticity of demand and supply so you can kinda see how related they are, and then down here we've got our income elasticity of demand and our cross price elasticity of demand, right? The other 2 that we did and they've got some similarities too. So first, just like before I gave you your formulas, percentage change in quantity demanded over percentage change in income or for cross price, percentage change in quantity demanded of good X, right, the first good divided percentage change in price of the other good. And then in the next box I've got how we're going to analyze these, right. When you get your answer, your elasticity, this is how you're going to analyze whether it's a normal good or substitute complement, whatever we're working with. We've got it all there and I made a quick note here, right, for these 2, the sign does matter. We got to keep the positive or the negative so we're going to have to pay attention to that and that's why I've got the step 6 here. This is where after we've solved our subtraction, addition, midpoint method stuff, we need to make sure that we check the signs of quantity and the sign of price or income, right. So there we go. We kind of have everything about the midpoint method and all our different elasticities in one place, and since we had some extra space on the page, I went ahead and gave you even a little more information here in the bottom. Remember when we talked about the straight line demand curve and where there was a point where we maximize revenue? Boom, we got it right here. To the left of that middle point is going to be elastic, to the right of that middle point is inelastic, at that point we're unit elastic and that's where we maximize revenue, and we've got a little information about total revenue over here and what happens with different price changes, right? If price goes up and total revenue goes up, then we've got inelastic demand just like the other cases there, right? So we've kind of got everything from the chapter on one page here. You guys should feel pretty comfortable to use this while you're studying and then you'll ace it once you get to the test. Cool, let's do a couple more practice problems before we wrap up elasticity.
- 0. Basic Principles of Economics1h 5m
- Introduction to Economics3m
- People Are Rational2m
- People Respond to Incentives1m
- Scarcity and Choice2m
- Marginal Analysis9m
- Allocative Efficiency, Productive Efficiency, and Equality7m
- Positive and Normative Analysis7m
- Microeconomics vs. Macroeconomics2m
- Factors of Production5m
- Circular Flow Diagram5m
- Graphing Review10m
- Percentage and Decimal Review4m
- Fractions Review2m
- 1. Reading and Understanding Graphs59m
- 2. Introductory Economic Models1h 10m
- 3. The Market Forces of Supply and Demand2h 26m
- Competitive Markets10m
- The Demand Curve13m
- Shifts in the Demand Curve24m
- Movement Along a Demand Curve5m
- The Supply Curve9m
- Shifts in the Supply Curve22m
- Movement Along a Supply Curve3m
- Market Equilibrium8m
- Using the Supply and Demand Curves to Find Equilibrium3m
- Effects of Surplus3m
- Effects of Shortage2m
- Supply and Demand: Quantitative Analysis40m
- 4. Elasticity2h 16m
- Percentage Change and Price Elasticity of Demand10m
- Elasticity and the Midpoint Method20m
- Price Elasticity of Demand on a Graph11m
- Determinants of Price Elasticity of Demand6m
- Total Revenue Test13m
- Total Revenue Along a Linear Demand Curve14m
- Income Elasticity of Demand23m
- Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand11m
- Price Elasticity of Supply12m
- Price Elasticity of Supply on a Graph3m
- Elasticity Summary9m
- 5. Consumer and Producer Surplus; Price Ceilings and Floors3h 45m
- Consumer Surplus and Willingness to Pay38m
- Producer Surplus and Willingness to Sell26m
- Economic Surplus and Efficiency18m
- Quantitative Analysis of Consumer and Producer Surplus at Equilibrium28m
- Price Ceilings, Price Floors, and Black Markets38m
- Quantitative Analysis of Price Ceilings and Price Floors: Finding Points20m
- Quantitative Analysis of Price Ceilings and Price Floors: Finding Areas54m
- 6. Introduction to Taxes and Subsidies1h 46m
- 7. Externalities1h 12m
- 8. The Types of Goods1h 13m
- 9. International Trade1h 16m
- 10. The Costs of Production2h 35m
- 11. Perfect Competition2h 23m
- Introduction to the Four Market Models2m
- Characteristics of Perfect Competition6m
- Revenue in Perfect Competition14m
- Perfect Competition Profit on the Graph20m
- Short Run Shutdown Decision33m
- Long Run Entry and Exit Decision18m
- Individual Supply Curve in the Short Run and Long Run6m
- Market Supply Curve in the Short Run and Long Run9m
- Long Run Equilibrium12m
- Perfect Competition and Efficiency15m
- Four Market Model Summary: Perfect Competition5m
- 12. Monopoly2h 13m
- Characteristics of Monopoly21m
- Monopoly Revenue12m
- Monopoly Profit on the Graph16m
- Monopoly Efficiency and Deadweight Loss20m
- Price Discrimination22m
- Antitrust Laws and Government Regulation of Monopolies11m
- Mergers and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI)17m
- Four Firm Concentration Ratio6m
- Four Market Model Summary: Monopoly4m
- 13. Monopolistic Competition1h 9m
- 14. Oligopoly1h 26m
- 15. Markets for the Factors of Production1h 33m
- The Production Function and Marginal Revenue Product16m
- Demand for Labor in Perfect Competition7m
- Shifts in Labor Demand13m
- Supply of Labor in Perfect Competition7m
- Shifts in Labor Supply5m
- Differences in Wages6m
- Discrimination6m
- Other Factors of Production: Land and Capital5m
- Unions6m
- Monopsony11m
- Bilateral Monopoly5m
- 16. Income Inequality and Poverty35m
- 17. Asymmetric Information, Voting, and Public Choice39m
- 18. Consumer Choice and Behavioral Economics1h 16m
Elasticity Summary - Online Tutor, Practice Problems & Exam Prep
Understanding price elasticity of demand and supply is crucial for analyzing market behavior. The formula for price elasticity is given by . An elasticity greater than 1 indicates elastic demand, while less than 1 indicates inelastic demand. Additionally, income elasticity and cross-price elasticity help determine normal goods and substitutes. Understanding these concepts aids in maximizing revenue and recognizing market equilibrium.
Everything elasticity, all in one place!
Elasticity Summary
Video transcript
A linear, downward-sloping demand curve is
An increase in the supply of a good will increase the total revenue producers receive if:
A life-saving machine without any close substitutes will tend to have:
Here’s what students ask on this topic:
What is the formula for calculating price elasticity of demand?
The formula for calculating price elasticity of demand (PED) is given by:
Where is the percentage change in quantity demanded and is the percentage change in price. This formula helps determine how sensitive the quantity demanded of a good is to a change in its price.
How do you interpret the value of price elasticity of demand?
The value of price elasticity of demand (PED) indicates how responsive the quantity demanded is to a change in price. If PED > 1, demand is elastic, meaning consumers are highly responsive to price changes. If PED < 1, demand is inelastic, meaning consumers are less responsive to price changes. If PED = 1, demand is unit elastic, meaning the percentage change in quantity demanded is equal to the percentage change in price.
What is the difference between price elasticity of demand and price elasticity of supply?
Price elasticity of demand (PED) measures how much the quantity demanded of a good responds to a change in its price, while price elasticity of supply (PES) measures how much the quantity supplied of a good responds to a change in its price. Both use similar formulas, but PED focuses on consumer behavior, and PES focuses on producer behavior.
How do you calculate income elasticity of demand?
Income elasticity of demand (YED) is calculated using the formula:
Where is the percentage change in quantity demanded and is the percentage change in income. This helps determine whether a good is a normal good (positive YED) or an inferior good (negative YED).
What is cross-price elasticity of demand and how is it calculated?
Cross-price elasticity of demand (XED) measures how the quantity demanded of one good responds to a change in the price of another good. It is calculated using the formula:
Where is the percentage change in quantity demanded of good X and is the percentage change in price of good Y. A positive XED indicates substitute goods, while a negative XED indicates complementary goods.