Which of the following is a scientific name?
a. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
b. Tubercle bacillus

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the format of a scientific name: Scientific names are typically in Latin and follow the binomial nomenclature system, which includes a genus name followed by a species name.
2. Recognize the capitalization rules: In a scientific name, the genus name is always capitalized, and the species name is not.
3. Look for italicization or underlining: Scientific names are usually italicized or underlined when handwritten.
4. Compare the options: Check which option follows the binomial nomenclature format with proper capitalization.
5. Determine the correct scientific name: Based on the format and rules, identify which option is the scientific name.

Key Concepts

Scientific Nomenclature

Scientific nomenclature is the system of naming organisms using a standardized format. It typically follows the binomial nomenclature system, where each species is given a two-part name: the genus name followed by the species identifier. This system helps avoid confusion caused by common names and provides a universal language for scientists.

Genus and Species

In biological classification, the genus is the first part of the scientific name and groups together species that are closely related. The species name, which follows the genus, identifies the specific organism within that group. For example, in 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Mycobacterium' is the genus, and 'tuberculosis' is the species.

Common Names vs. Scientific Names

Common names are the everyday names used to refer to organisms, which can vary by region and language, leading to ambiguity. In contrast, scientific names are unique and universally accepted, allowing for precise identification. For instance, 'tubercle bacillus' is a common name for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but it lacks the specificity of the scientific nomenclature.