Gastric ulcers are caused by
a. stomach acid.
b. H. pylori.
c. spicy food.
d. acidic food.
e. stress.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that gastric ulcers are lesions in the stomach lining.
2. Recognize that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium known to cause inflammation and ulcers in the stomach lining.
3. Consider the role of stomach acid, which can exacerbate ulcers but is not the primary cause.
4. Evaluate the common misconception that spicy or acidic foods and stress are direct causes of ulcers, though they may aggravate symptoms.
5. Identify that the primary cause of gastric ulcers is the infection by H. pylori, which can be treated with antibiotics.

Key Concepts

Helicobacter pylori

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the stomach lining and is a major cause of gastric ulcers. It disrupts the protective mucous layer, leading to inflammation and ulceration. Understanding its role is crucial for recognizing the bacterial origin of many gastric ulcers, distinguishing it from other potential causes.

Gastric Acid Secretion

Gastric acid, primarily hydrochloric acid, is secreted by the stomach to aid in digestion and protect against pathogens. While excessive acid can contribute to ulcer formation, it is not the sole cause. The interplay between acid secretion and the presence of H. pylori is essential for understanding ulcer pathogenesis.

Risk Factors for Gastric Ulcers

Various factors can increase the risk of developing gastric ulcers, including diet (spicy and acidic foods), stress, and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Recognizing these risk factors helps in understanding the multifactorial nature of ulcer development and the importance of lifestyle in prevention.