Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships
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Problem 6
Which weighs more, 5.00 g or 0.0225 mol of acetaminophen (C8H9O2)?Problem 8
Balance the following equation, and tell how many moles of nickel will react with 9.81 mol of hydrochloric acid. Ni(s) + HCl(aq) → NiCl2(aq) + H2(g)Problem 8
How many moles of NiCl_2 can be formed in the reaction of 6.00 mol of Ni and 12.0 mol of HCl?Problem 13
The reaction of ethylene oxide with water to give ethylene glycol (automobile antifreeze) occurs in 96.0% actual yield. How many grams of ethylene glycol are formed by reaction of 35.0 g of ethylene oxide? (For ethylene oxide, MW = 44.0 amu; for ethylene glycol, MW = 62.0 amu.)Problem 16
The following diagram represents the reaction of (red spheres) with (blue spheres):
How many moles of product can be made from 1.0 mol of A2? From 1.0 mol of B2?Problem 17
Consider the balanced chemical equation: 2A + B2 → 2AB. Given the following reaction vessel, determine the theoretical yield of product.
Problem 18
Consider the balanced chemical equation: A2 + 2B2 → 2AB2. A reaction is performed with the initial amounts of A2 and B2 shown in part (a). The amount of product obtained is shown in part (b). Calculate the percent yield. a.
Problem 22
How many NA+ ions are in a mole of Na2SO4? How many SO4 2- ions?Problem 23
How many moles of ions are in 1.75 mol of K2SO4?Problem 29
Caffeine has the formula C8H10N4O2. If an average cup of coffee contains approximately 125 mg of caffeine, how many moles of caffeine are in one cup?Problem 34
Find the mass in atomic mass units of the following: a. 1 O atom, with a mass of 2.66 * 10^-23 g b. 1 Br atom, with a mass of 1.31 * 10^-22 gProblem 35
The principal component of many kidney stones is calcium oxalate, CaC2O4. A kidney stone recovered from a typical patient contains 8.5 x 10^20 formula units of calcium oxalate. How many moles of CaC2O4 are present in this kidney stone? What is the mass of the kidney stone in grams?Problem 37
How many O atoms of mass 15.99 amu are in 15.99 g of oxygen?Problem 43
Titanium metal is obtained from the mineral rutile, TiO2. The process requires multiple steps, as shown in the following reactions: TiO2(S) + 2 Cl2(G) + 2 C(s) → TiCl4(s) + 2 CO(g) TiCl4(s) + 2 Mg(s) → Ti(s) + 2 MgCl2(s) How many moles of TiO2 are needed to form one mole of titanium?Problem 43
Titanium metal is obtained from the mineral rutile, TiO2. The process requires multiple steps, as shown in the following reactions: TiO2(S) + 2 Cl2(G) + 2 C(s) → TiCl4(s) + 2 CO(g) TiCl4(s) + 2 Mg(s) → Ti(s) + 2 MgCl2(s) How many kilograms of rutile are needed to produce 95 kg of Ti?Problem 43
Titanium metal is obtained from the mineral rutile, TiO2. The process requires multiple steps, as shown in the following reactions: TiO2(S) + 2 Cl2(G) + 2 C(s) → TiCl4(s) + 2 CO(g) TiCl4(s) + 2 Mg(s) → Ti(s) + 2 MgCl2(s) Write mole ratios to show the relationship between the reactants and products for each reaction.Problem 50
In Problem 6.40, hydrazine reacted with oxygen according to the following (unbalanced) equation: N2H4(l) + O2(g) → NO2(g) + H2O(g) If 75.0 kg of hydrazine are reacted with 75.0 kg of oxygen, which is the limiting reagent?Problem 53
Nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2) is used in small quantities as a flavoring agent or in perfumes but can be toxic in large amounts. It is produced by reaction of benzene (C6H6) with nitric acid: C6H6(l) + HNO3(aq) → C6H5NO2(l) + H2O(l) Calculate the theoretical yield for this reaction.Problem 53
Nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2) is used in small quantities as a flavoring agent or in perfumes but can be toxic in large amounts. It is produced by reaction of benzene (C6H6) with nitric acid: C6H6(l) + HNO3(aq) → C6H5NO2(l) + H2O(l) Identify the limiting reagent in the reaction of 27.5 g of nitric acid with 75 g of benzene.Problem 57
When table sugar (sucrose, C12H22O11) is heated, it decomposes to form C and H2O. How many grams of carbon are formed by the breakdown of 60.0 g of sucrose?Problem 58
Although Cu is not sufficiently active to react with acids, it can be dissolved by concentrated nitric acid, which functions as an oxidizing agent according to the following equation: Cu(s) + 4 HNO3(aq) → Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NO2(g) + 2 H2O(l) Is 35.0 g of HNO3 sufficient to dissolve 5.00 g of copper?Problem 60
Ethyl alcohol is formed by enzyme action on sugars and starches during fermentation. C6H12O6 → 2 CO2 + 2 C2H6O If the density of ethyl alcohol is 0.789 g/mL, how many quarts can be produced by the fermentation of 100.0 lb of sugar?Problem 65
Acetylsalicylic acid, the active ingredient in aspirin, is prepared from salicylic acid by reaction with acetic anhydride. C7H6O3 (salicylic acid) + C4H6O3 (acetic anhydride) → C9H8O4 (acetylsalicylic acid) + C2H4O2 (acetic acid) Calculate the theoretical yield if 47 g of salicylic acid is reacted with 25 g of acetic anhydride.Problem 70
Calcium citrate, Ca(C6H5O7)2(MW = 498.5 amu), is a common dietary supplement to provide calcium needed for strong teeth and bones. What mass of calcium citrate would be needed to provide the recommended daily intake of calcium?Problem 71
Obtain a bottle of aspirin and identify the amount of active ingredient (acetylsalicylic acid, C9H8O4) per tablet. How many moles of aspirin are in one tablet?Problem 72
Lovastatin, a drug used to lower serum cholesterol. Look up the molecular formula for Lovastatin and calculate the molar mass.Problem 73
Pyrite, also known as fool's gold, is used commercially to produce SO2 used in the production of paper products. How many moles of SO2 can be produced from 1.0 kg of pyrite?Problem 85
What is the mass (in amu and in grams) of a single atom of Carbon-12?Problem 85
What is the mass (in grams) of 6.02 * 10^23 atoms of Carbon-12?
