One strand of a fragment of duplex DNA has the sequence 5'-ATCGACCTGATC-3'.

What enzymes catalyze the reaction in part (d)?

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the type of reaction occurring in part (d) of the problem.
2. Determine the specific process involved, such as replication, transcription, or repair.
3. List the enzymes typically involved in the identified process.
4. Consider the specific function of each enzyme in the context of the reaction.
5. Match the enzymes to the reaction based on their roles and the sequence provided.

Key Concepts

DNA Structure

DNA is composed of two strands forming a double helix, with each strand made up of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine). The sequence of these bases encodes genetic information, and the strands are complementary, meaning that adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine.

Enzymes in DNA Replication

Enzymes play crucial roles in DNA replication and repair. Key enzymes include DNA polymerase, which synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand, and helicase, which unwinds the double helix. Other enzymes, such as ligase, are involved in joining Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand during replication.

Transcription and Translation

Transcription is the process by which the DNA sequence is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA), which then serves as a template for translation. During translation, ribosomes read the mRNA sequence to synthesize proteins by linking amino acids in the order specified by the mRNA. This process is essential for gene expression and the functioning of cells.