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Ch. 2 - Mitosis and Meiosis
All textbooksKlug 12th EditionCh. 2 - Mitosis and MeiosisProblem 26
Chapter 2, Problem 26

For Problems 25–30, consider a diploid cell that contains three pairs of chromosomes designated AA, BB, and CC. Each pair contains a maternal and a paternal member (e.g., A^m and A^p). Using these designations, demonstrate your understanding of mitosis and meiosis by drawing chromatid combinations as requested. Be sure to indicate when chromatids are paired as a result of replication and/or synapsis. You may wish to use a large piece of brown manila wrapping paper or a cut-up paper grocery bag for this project and to work in partnership with another student. We recommend cooperative learning as an efficacious way to develop the skills you will need for solving the problems presented throughout this text. During meiosis I, assuming no crossing over, what chromatid combination(s) will be present at the completion of prophase I? Draw all possible alignments of chromatids as migration begins during early anaphase.

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Identify the chromosome pairs: AA, BB, and CC, each with a maternal (A^m, B^m, C^m) and a paternal (A^p, B^p, C^p) chromosome.
During prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up in a process called synapsis, forming tetrads. Each tetrad consists of two homologous chromosomes, each made up of two sister chromatids.
For each chromosome pair, align the maternal and paternal homologs: (A^mA^p), (B^mB^p), and (C^mC^p). Each homologous pair will consist of four chromatids.
At the completion of prophase I, the chromatids are paired as tetrads: (A^mA^p), (B^mB^p), and (C^mC^p). These tetrads are aligned along the metaphase plate.
As migration begins during early anaphase I, the homologous chromosomes (not sister chromatids) are pulled apart to opposite poles. This results in two possible alignments for each tetrad, leading to different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting cells.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Mitosis

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It involves several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase, chromosomes condense and become visible, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. Mitosis is crucial for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in organisms.
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Mitosis Steps

Meiosis

Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically diverse gametes. It consists of two rounds of division: meiosis I and meiosis II. During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair and can undergo crossing over, although the question specifies no crossing over. This process is essential for sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.
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Meiosis Overview

Chromatid Pairing and Synapsis

Chromatid pairing occurs when replicated chromosomes align closely during cell division. In meiosis I, synapsis refers to the pairing of homologous chromosomes, forming structures called tetrads. This alignment is crucial for the proper segregation of chromosomes. Understanding these concepts helps visualize the chromatid combinations present during prophase I and the subsequent movements during anaphase.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
If one follows 50 primary oocytes in an animal through their various stages of oogenesis, how many secondary oocytes would be formed? How many first polar bodies would be formed? How many ootids would be formed? If one follows 50 primary spermatocytes in an animal through their various stages of spermatogenesis, how many secondary spermatocytes would be formed? How many spermatids would be formed?
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Textbook Question
A woman who sought genetic counseling is found to be heterozygous for a chromosomal rearrangement between the second and third chromosomes. Her chromosomes, compared to those in a normal karyotype, are diagrammed to the right. Using a drawing, demonstrate how these chromosomes would pair during meiosis. Be sure to label the different segments of the chromosomes.
296
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Textbook Question
For Problems 25–30, consider a diploid cell that contains three pairs of chromosomes designated AA, BB, and CC. Each pair contains a maternal and a paternal member (e.g., A^m and A^p). Using these designations, demonstrate your understanding of mitosis and meiosis by drawing chromatid combinations as requested. Be sure to indicate when chromatids are paired as a result of replication and/or synapsis. You may wish to use a large piece of brown manila wrapping paper or a cut-up paper grocery bag for this project and to work in partnership with another student. We recommend cooperative learning as an efficacious way to develop the skills you will need for solving the problems presented throughout this text. In mitosis, what chromatid combination(s) will be present during metaphase? What combination(s) will be present at each pole at the completion of anaphase?
361
views
Textbook Question
For Problems 25–30, consider a diploid cell that contains three pairs of chromosomes designated AA, BB, and CC. Each pair contains a maternal and a paternal member (e.g., A^m and A^p). Using these designations, demonstrate your understanding of mitosis and meiosis by drawing chromatid combinations as requested. Be sure to indicate when chromatids are paired as a result of replication and/or synapsis. You may wish to use a large piece of brown manila wrapping paper or a cut-up paper grocery bag for this project and to work in partnership with another student. We recommend cooperative learning as an efficacious way to develop the skills you will need for solving the problems presented throughout this text. Are there any possible combinations present during prophase of meiosis II other than those that you drew in Problem 26? If so, draw them.
376
views
Textbook Question
For Problems 25–30, consider a diploid cell that contains three pairs of chromosomes designated AA, BB, and CC. Each pair contains a maternal and a paternal member (e.g., A^m and A^p). Using these designations, demonstrate your understanding of mitosis and meiosis by drawing chromatid combinations as requested. Be sure to indicate when chromatids are paired as a result of replication and/or synapsis. You may wish to use a large piece of brown manila wrapping paper or a cut-up paper grocery bag for this project and to work in partnership with another student. We recommend cooperative learning as an efficacious way to develop the skills you will need for solving the problems presented throughout this text. Draw all possible combinations of chromatids during the early phases of anaphase in meiosis II.
296
views
Textbook Question
For Problems 25–30, consider a diploid cell that contains three pairs of chromosomes designated AA, BB, and CC. Each pair contains a maternal and a paternal member (e.g., A^m and A^p). Using these designations, demonstrate your understanding of mitosis and meiosis by drawing chromatid combinations as requested. Be sure to indicate when chromatids are paired as a result of replication and/or synapsis. You may wish to use a large piece of brown manila wrapping paper or a cut-up paper grocery bag for this project and to work in partnership with another student. We recommend cooperative learning as an efficacious way to develop the skills you will need for solving the problems presented throughout this text. Assume that during meiosis I none of the C chromosomes disjoin at metaphase, but they separate into dyads (instead of monads) during meiosis II. How would this change the alignments that you constructed during the anaphase stages in meiosis I and II? Draw them.
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