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Ch. 15 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition

Chapter 15, Problem 23

Many of the gene products involved in DNA synthesis were initially defined by studying mutant E. coli strains that could not synthesize DNA. The dnaQ gene encodes the ε subunit of DNA polymerase. What effect is expected from a mutation in this gene?

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Hello everyone and welcome to today's video. So today we have what specific enzyme is necessary for DNA repair and is encoded by the Dean B gene. And so we're given these D. N. A polymerase is from which we need to identify which one is encoded by this Dean B gene. And then hopefully we have a table that we can refer to that contains each DNA polymerase and the gene that is going to be encoding it. Let's begin by answer choice A. Here we are. Here we have DNA polymerase three which is located here. So DNA polymerase three is going to be encoded by DNA E D N A Q and a whole E. Depending on the sub unit, this is not going to be the DNB gene. So we're going to cancel this out. Then we have see we have D. N. A polymerase five which is located here. As we can see it is going to be encoded by the genes You m you see and um you d this is not the DNB gene. So we're going to cancel this out as well. Then we have D. D. N. A polymerase too which is the first one on our list is encoded by the pole Beijing which is not the gym that we're looking for. So we're going to cancel that as well. Finally we have the Vienna preliminaries for that as we can see is in fact included by the D. In Beijing because of this. We're going to be selecting answer choice B. As a correct answer for a question. I really hope this helped you. and I hope to see you on the next one.
Related Practice
Textbook Question
The SOS repair genes in E. coli (discussed in Chapter 15) are negatively regulated by the lexA gene product, called the LexA repressor. When a cell's DNA sustains extensive damage, the LexA repressor is inactivated by the recA gene product (RecA), and transcription of the SOS genes is increased dramatically. One of the SOS genes is the uvrA gene. You are a student studying the function of the uvrA gene product in DNA repair. You isolate a mutant strain that shows constitutive expression of the UvrA protein. Naming this mutant strain uvrAᶜ, you construct the diagram shown above in the right-hand column showing the lexA and uvrA operons: Outline a series of genetic experiments that would use partial diploid strains to determine which of the two possible mutations you have isolated.
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Textbook Question
The human genome contains approximately 10⁶ copies of an Alu sequence, one of the best-studied classes of short interspersed elements (SINEs), per haploid genome. Individual Alu units share a 282-nucleotide consensus sequence followed by a 3'-adenine-rich tail region [Schmid (1998)]. Given that there are approximately 3 x 10⁹ base pairs per human haploid genome, about how many base pairs are spaced between each Alu sequence?
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Textbook Question
Many of the gene products involved in DNA synthesis were initially defined by studying mutant E. coli strains that could not synthesize DNA. The dnaE gene encodes the α subunit of DNA polymerase III. What effect is expected from a mutation in this gene? How could the mutant strain be maintained?
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Textbook Question
A fellow student considers the issues in Problem 22 and argues that there is a more straightforward, nongenetic experiment that could differentiate between the two types of mutations. The experiment requires no fancy genetics and would allow you to easily assay the products of the other SOS genes. Propose such an experiment.
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Textbook Question
In a bacterial culture in which all cells are unable to synthesize leucine (leu⁻), a potent mutagen is added, and the cells are allowed to undergo one round of replication. At that point, samples are taken, a series of dilutions are made, and the cells are plated on either minimal medium or minimal medium containing leucine. The first culture condition (minimal medium) allows the growth of only leu⁺ cells, while the second culture condition (minimal medium with leucine added) allows growth of all cells. The results of the experiment are as follows: Culture Condition Dilution Colonies Minimal medium 10⁻¹ 18 Minimal medium + leucine 10⁻⁷ 9 What is the rate of mutation at the locus associated with leucine biosynthesis?
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Textbook Question

In 2010, a U.S. District Judge ruled to invalidate Myriad Genetics' patents on the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Judge Sweet noted that since the genes are part of the natural world, they are not patentable. Myriad Genetics also holds patents on the development of a direct-to-consumer test for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.

Would you agree with the ruling to invalidate the patenting of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes? If you were asked to judge the patenting of the direct-to-consumer test for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, how would you rule?

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