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Ch. 15 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Transposition
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All textbooksKlug 12th EditionCh. 15 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and TranspositionProblem 22

Chapter 15, Problem 22

Describe the 'end-replication problem' in eukaryotes. How is it resolved?

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Hello everyone and welcome to today's video. So telomeres contain these long repetitive sequences which protect the coding sequence from degradation during DNA replication. However, in every cell division the length of the telomeres decreases what happens to a cell once the telomere reaches the critical length. So let's break this down. We have these telomeres and the function of these telomeres is to protect their chromosomes because they're protecting they serve as a cap for these DNA cutting sequences. Now, with every cell division, the telomere length decreases. So what happens to a cell once the telomere reaches its critical length or once it gets too short? Well first of all the cell is not going to be able to divide anymore. And then as these D. N. A coding sequences get more and more affected eventually the sale will die because it's D. N. A. Is being degraded. Another term for this is sent essence. This is the process where the cell first is not able to divide and eventually it dies due to this loss of the telomeres. Because of this answer choice D. Is the correct answer to our question. I really hope this helped you and I hope to see you on the next one.
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Speculate on how improved living conditions and medical care in the developed nations might affect human mutation rates, both neutral and deleterious.

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The human genome contains approximately 10⁶ copies of an Alu sequence, one of the best-studied classes of short interspersed elements (SINEs), per haploid genome. Individual Alu units share a 282-nucleotide consensus sequence followed by a 3'-adenine-rich tail region [Schmid (1998)]. Given that there are approximately 3 x 10⁹ base pairs per human haploid genome, about how many base pairs are spaced between each Alu sequence?
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