Welcome back, everyone, provide the name of this cane. Let's recall that whenever we want to name an al cane, our first step is to identify the parent, which is the longest continuous carbon chain. Now, we have multiple ways to choose our route. Let's choose one of them. So if we go from right to left, we notice that we have a total of one, 234567, now eight and nine carbon atoms, right? We have a total of nine carbon atoms. If we choose any different route, we will get a lower number of carbon atoms. Let's say if we simply went to the left, we would have a total of eight carbon atoms. So our parent contains nine carbon atoms in its longest continuous carbon chain. And that's no name. Our next step is to enumerate it correctly, which essentially means that we want to minimize the locus of our subscriptions. If we want to minimize the logans of our substituents, we first will want to check what substituents we have, right? We have two substituents. One of them is bonded to carbon number seven because that's where branching is. And another one is bonded to carbon number four. So if we write those numbers, we have four and seven, what if we change the numbering? What if we reverse it? Well, we would essentially have 12345678 and nine. This gives us our substituents at carbon number three and carbon number six. So the question is, which gives us lower lons and the answer is the second way. So we essentially enumerate it in red now that we have enumerated our parent, we simply want to define those substations and their positions. So carbon number three essentially contains a ch three group that we call a muscle substituent. Carbon number six contains an ethyl subscription because that's C two C three, a two member LK group, C two C three, we call it an ethyl group. And that's all right. We have all of the subscriptions needed. So if we start with our subscriptions, we're going to say that it's three dash metal as well as six dash ethyl. Those indicate the Logan and the name of each substituent, our primary goal is to arrange them alphabetically. And because we're comparing E against M letter E alphabetically gets the priority. So we're going to begin with six el, followed by three metal and we can finish our name with the parent which is no name. Well done. We have our final answer. Let's label it. And thank you for watching

Ch.22 - Organic Chemistry

Tro 5th Edition

Ch.22 - Organic Chemistry

Problem 41c

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Chapter 22, Problem 41c

Name each alkane.
c.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the longest continuous carbon chain in the alkane structure. This will determine the base name of the alkane.

Step 2: Number the carbon atoms in the longest chain starting from the end nearest to a substituent group, if any.

Step 3: Identify and name any alkyl groups (substituents) attached to the main carbon chain.

Step 4: Assign a number to each substituent based on its position on the main chain, using the numbering from Step 2.

Step 5: Combine the names of the substituents with the base name of the alkane, using hyphens to separate numbers and commas to separate multiple substituents, and list substituents in alphabetical order.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Alkanes

Alkanes are a class of hydrocarbons characterized by single bonds between carbon atoms, following the general formula CnH2n+2. They are saturated compounds, meaning they contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible for a given number of carbon atoms. Alkanes are typically nonpolar and exhibit low reactivity, making them stable and commonly found in natural gas and petroleum.

Nomenclature of Alkanes

The nomenclature of alkanes follows specific rules set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). The names are derived from the number of carbon atoms in the longest continuous chain, with prefixes such as 'meth-' for one carbon, 'eth-' for two, and so on. The suffix '-ane' indicates that the compound is an alkane, helping to systematically identify and name these hydrocarbons.

Isomerism in Alkanes

Isomerism refers to the existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. In alkanes, this can lead to structural isomers, where the carbon skeleton varies, and positional isomers, where the branching occurs at different locations. Understanding isomerism is crucial for naming and distinguishing between different alkane structures, as they can have distinct physical and chemical properties.