List all the possible products for each alkane substitution reaction. (Assume monosubstitution.) b. CH₃CH₂CH₃ + Cl₂ → d.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the alkane involved in the substitution reaction. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula C_nH_{2n+2}.
2. Understand that in a monosubstitution reaction, one hydrogen atom in the alkane is replaced by a substituent, typically a halogen like Cl or Br.
3. Consider the structure of the alkane to determine the number of unique hydrogen atoms that can be substituted. This depends on the symmetry and branching of the alkane.
4. For each unique hydrogen atom, replace it with the substituent to form a new product. Each unique substitution will result in a different product.
5. List all the possible products formed from the substitution of each unique hydrogen atom in the alkane.

Key Concepts

Alkane Structure

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, connected by single bonds. Their general formula is CnH2n+2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. Understanding the structure of alkanes is crucial for predicting the products of substitution reactions, as the position of the hydrogen atom being replaced will influence the resulting compound.

Substitution Reactions

Substitution reactions involve the replacement of one atom or group in a molecule with another atom or group. In the context of alkanes, monosubstitution refers to the replacement of a single hydrogen atom with a halogen (like Cl or Br) during a reaction with halogens. This process is fundamental in organic chemistry, as it leads to the formation of haloalkanes, which have different properties than the original alkane.

Regioselectivity

Regioselectivity refers to the preference of a chemical reaction to occur at one location over another in a molecule. In alkane substitution reactions, the position where the hydrogen is replaced can lead to different products, especially in branched alkanes. Understanding regioselectivity helps predict the major products formed during the reaction, as certain positions may be more favorable for substitution due to steric and electronic factors.