A chemist wants to make 5.5 L of a 0.300 M CaCl₂ solution. What mass of CaCl₂ (in g) should the chemist use?

Key Concepts

Molarity (M)

Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is expressed in moles per liter (mol/L). Understanding molarity is essential for calculating how much solute is needed to achieve a desired concentration in a given volume of solution.

Moles and Molar Mass

A mole is a unit that quantifies the amount of substance, equivalent to Avogadro's number (approximately 6.022 x 10²³ particles). The molar mass of a compound, calculated from the atomic masses of its constituent elements, allows for the conversion between grams and moles, which is crucial for determining how much of a substance is needed for a specific molarity.

Dilution and Solution Preparation

Dilution involves adding solvent to a concentrated solution to achieve a desired molarity. When preparing a solution, it is important to calculate the required mass of solute based on the desired molarity and volume, ensuring accurate and consistent results in chemical experiments.