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Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Chapter 4, Problem 78c

Predict whether a precipitation reaction will occur when aqueous solutions of the following substances are mixed. For those that form a precipitate, write the net ionic reaction. (c)

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Precipitation Reactions

Precipitation reactions occur when two aqueous solutions are mixed, resulting in the formation of an insoluble solid, known as a precipitate. This happens when the product of the reaction has a solubility product (Ksp) that is exceeded in the solution, leading to the aggregation of ions into a solid form. Understanding the solubility rules helps predict whether a precipitate will form.
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Solubility Rules

Solubility rules are guidelines that help predict the solubility of various ionic compounds in water. These rules indicate which combinations of cations and anions will result in soluble or insoluble compounds. For example, most nitrates are soluble, while many carbonates are not. Familiarity with these rules is essential for determining the outcome of mixing different ionic solutions.
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Net Ionic Equations

A net ionic equation represents the actual chemical species that participate in a reaction, omitting the spectator ions that do not change during the reaction. To write a net ionic equation, one must first write the balanced molecular equation, then separate the soluble strong electrolytes into their ions, and finally eliminate the spectator ions. This provides a clearer picture of the chemical changes occurring in the reaction.
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