Where on the following outline of a periodic table are the indicated elements or groups of elements?
(a) Alkali metals (b) Halogens (c) Alkaline earth metals (d) Transition metals (e) Hydrogen (f) Helium

Key Concepts

Periodic Table Structure

The periodic table is organized into rows (periods) and columns (groups) based on atomic number and electron configuration. Elements in the same group share similar chemical properties due to their valence electron configurations. Understanding this structure is essential for locating specific groups of elements, such as alkali metals or halogens.

Alkali Metals

Alkali metals are found in Group 1 of the periodic table and include elements like lithium, sodium, and potassium. They are characterized by having one electron in their outermost shell, which makes them highly reactive, especially with water. Their position on the left side of the table is crucial for identifying their properties and reactivity.

Halogens

Halogens are located in Group 17 of the periodic table and include elements such as fluorine, chlorine, and iodine. They have seven valence electrons, making them very reactive, particularly with alkali metals to form salts. Recognizing their position helps in understanding their chemical behavior and the types of compounds they form.