Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium
All textbooksMcMurry 8th EditionCh.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & EquilibriumProblem 134
Chapter 18, Problem 134
Suppose that a reaction has ΔH = - 33 kJ and ΔS = - 58 J>K. At what temperature will it change from spontaneous to nonspontaneous?
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Textbook Question
The normal boiling point of bromine is 58.8 °C, and the standard entropies of the liquid and vapor are S°[Br2(l) = 152.2 J/(K*mol); S°[Br2(g) = 245.4 J/(K*mol). At what temperature does bromine have a vapor pressure of 227 mmHg?
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Textbook Question
Tell whether reactions with the following values of ΔH and ΔS are spontaneous or nonspontaneous and whether they are exothermic or endothermic. (a) ΔH = - 48 kJ; ΔS = + 135 J>K at 400 K
(b) ΔH = - 48 kJ; ΔS = - 135 J>K at 400 K
(c) ΔH = + 48 kJ; ΔS = + 135 J>K at 400 K
(d) ΔH = + 48 kJ; ΔS = - 135 J>K at 400 K
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Textbook Question
The following reaction, sometimes used in the laboratory to generate small quantities of oxygen gas, has ∆G° = -224.4 kJ/mol at 25°C: Use the following additional data at 25 °C to calculate the standard molar entropy S° of O2 at 25°C: ∆H°f(KClO3) = -397.7 kJ/mol, ∆H°f(KCl) = -436.5 kJ/mol, S°(KClO3) = 143.1 J/(K*mol), and S°(KCl) = 82.6 J/(K*mol).
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Textbook Question
A mixture of 14.0 g of N2 and 3.024 g of H2 in a 5.00 L container is heated to 400 °C. Use the data in Appendix B to calculate the molar concentrations of N2, H2, and NH3 at equilibrium. Assume that ∆H° and ∆S° are independent of temperature, and remember that the standard state of a gas is defined in terms of pressure.
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Textbook Question
The lead storage battery uses the reaction: (b) Calculate ∆G for this reaction on a cold winter's day (10 °F) in a battery that has run down to the point where the sulfuric acid concentration is only 0.100 M.
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Textbook Question
Chloroform has ΔHvaporization = 29.2 kJ>mol and boils at 61.2 °C. What is the value of ΔSvaporization for chloroform?
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