What is the difference between heat and temperature?

Question

Accepted Answer

Welcome back everyone. We need to choose the true statement from the following statements about heat and temperature. So let's read through our options for statement A it says that heat Q is the thermal energy transferred from an object with a higher temperature to an object with a lower temperature while temperature T is a measure of the kinetic energy of molecular motion. So we're going to begin by recalling that the kinetic energy of particles are going to be directly proportional to their velocity. And I'll just make some more room here multiplied by the temperature of our substance. And in this understanding, we can see that there's a direct relationship between temperature of our substance and the kinetic energy measure of the particles. With this relationship outlined, we can understand that as temperature increases, the kinetic energy of our particles also increases. And so the particles will move faster. And on the converse as temperature decreases, the kinetic energy of our particles will decrease. And so our particles will move slower. Next, we also want to recall that the difference in temperature between two objects is going to be directly proportional to the temperature or rather the amount of heat transferred between our objects. So Q two minus Q one, where Q two represents our object with more heat. And Q one represents our object with a lower amount of heat. So based on what we've outlined, we can actually agree with statement, a being a true statement. So far, we can go ahead and highlight a as our first answer. Moving on to statement B we're told that heat, Q is the kinetic energy of component particles. While temperature T is the average kinetic energy of component particles, we want to recall that whenever we're referring to component particles and the measure of kinetic energy, this is in reference to temperature, so not Q and we also want to recall that the average kinetic energy of our component particles is directly proportional to our Kelvin temperature of our sample involved. So we'll just say directly proportional to T in Kelvin. So we would not confirm that B is true. It's a false statement moving on to choice. See it says that heat Q is the measure of movement of reacting molecules against an opposing force. While temperature T is the average amount of energy in motion that a system contains. We want to recognize that the movement of reacting molecules against an opposing force is actually the definition of work. Now, we will agree with temperature being the average amount of energy in motion that a system contains as the definition of temperature. So this statement is true. But overall, these statements together would make choice C as a false statement. And so now let's move on to choice D which states that heat Q and temperature T are interchangeable quantities. Now, we understand the distinct definitions of heat Q and T temperature being choice A and so we know that they are not interchangeable quantities, so we can confirm that choice D is also false. And so our only correct answer to complete this example is choice a heat Q is the thermal energy transferred from an object with a higher temperature to an object with a lower temperature. While temperature T is a measure of the kinetic energy of molecular motion. I hope everything I reviewed was clear. If you have any questions, please leave them down below and I'll see everyone in the next practice video.

What is the difference between heat and temperature?

Verified Solution

Key Concepts

Heat

Temperature

Thermal Equilibrium