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Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior
Chapter 10, Problem 94

The average temperature at an altitude of 20 km is 220 K. What is the average speed in m/s of an N2 molecule at this altitude?

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of particles in constant motion. It states that the average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas in Kelvin. This theory helps us understand how temperature affects the speed of gas molecules, which is crucial for calculating the average speed of an N2 molecule at a given temperature.
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Root Mean Square Speed

The root mean square (RMS) speed is a statistical measure of the speed of particles in a gas. It is calculated using the formula v_rms = sqrt(3RT/M), where R is the ideal gas constant, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and M is the molar mass of the gas. This concept is essential for determining the average speed of nitrogen molecules at the specified altitude and temperature.
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Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas through the equation PV = nRT. While the question focuses on molecular speed, understanding the Ideal Gas Law provides context for how gases behave under different conditions, including temperature and altitude, which can influence molecular motion and speed.
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