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Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Chapter 2, Problem 14a1

In a series of experiments, a chemist prepared three different compounds that contain only iodine and fluorine and determined the mass of each element in each compound: Compound Mass of Iodine (g) Mass of Fluorine (g) 1 4.75 3.56 2 7.64 3.43 3 9.41 9.86 (a) Calculate the mass of fluorine per gram of iodine in Compound 1 and 2.

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1
Identify the given masses for Compound 2: Mass of Iodine = 7.64 g and Mass of Fluorine = 3.43 g.
To find the mass of fluorine per gram of iodine, divide the mass of fluorine by the mass of iodine.
Set up the division: \( \frac{\text{Mass of Fluorine}}{\text{Mass of Iodine}} = \frac{3.43 \text{ g}}{7.64 \text{ g}} \).
Perform the division to find the mass of fluorine per gram of iodine.
Interpret the result as the amount of fluorine in grams for every gram of iodine in Compound 2.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Mass Ratio

The mass ratio is a comparison of the mass of one substance to the mass of another substance. In this context, it refers to the mass of fluorine relative to the mass of iodine in a compound. This ratio is crucial for understanding the composition of the compound and can be calculated by dividing the mass of fluorine by the mass of iodine.
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Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the area of chemistry that deals with the relationships between the quantities of reactants and products in chemical reactions. It allows chemists to predict the amounts of substances consumed and produced in a reaction, which is essential for calculating mass ratios in compounds, as seen in the question.
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Compound Composition

Compound composition refers to the specific elements and their proportions that make up a chemical compound. Understanding the composition is vital for analyzing the properties and behavior of the compound, including how to calculate the mass of one element per unit mass of another, as required in the problem.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

A chemist finds that 30.82 g of nitrogen will react with 17.60, 35.20, 70.40, or 88.00 g of oxygen to form four different compounds. (a) Calculate the mass of oxygen per gram of nitrogen in each compound. 30.82 g N and 70.40 g O

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Textbook Question

A chemist finds that 30.82 g of nitrogen will react with 17.60, 35.20, 70.40, or 88.00 g of oxygen to form four different compounds. (b) How do the numbers in part (a) support Dalton's atomic theory?

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Textbook Question

In a series of experiments, a chemist prepared three different compounds that contain only iodine and fluorine and determined the mass of each element in each compound: Compound Mass of Iodine (g) Mass of Fluorine (g) 1 4.75 3.56 2 7.64 3.43 3 9.41 9.86 (a) Calculate the mass of fluorine per gram of iodine in Compound 3.

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Textbook Question

In a series of experiments, a chemist prepared three different compounds that contain only iodine and fluorine and determined the mass of each element in each compound: Compound Mass of Iodine (g) Mass of Fluorine (g) 1 4.75 3.56 2 7.64 3.43 3 9.41 9.86 (b) How do the numbers in part (a) support the atomic theory?

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Textbook Question

Which of the subatomic particles in an atom does not have a charge (and was therefore the last to be discovered)?

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Textbook Question

An unknown particle is caused to move between two electrically charged plates, as illustrated in Figure 2.7. You hypothesize that the particle is a proton. (a) If your hypothesis is correct, would the particle be deflected in the same or opposite direction as the b rays?

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