(a) Construct a Lewis structure for hydrogen peroxide, H₂O₂, in which each atom achieves an octet of electrons.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the total number of valence electrons available. Hydrogen has 1 valence electron, and oxygen has 6 valence electrons. Therefore, H2O2 has a total of 2(1) + 2(6) = 14 valence electrons.
2. Arrange the atoms in a skeletal structure. Hydrogen atoms are typically terminal, so place the two oxygen atoms in the center with each hydrogen atom attached to an oxygen atom: H-O-O-H.
3. Connect the atoms with single bonds initially. Draw single bonds between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms, and between the two oxygen atoms. This uses up 2 electrons per bond, totaling 8 electrons for the four bonds.
4. Distribute the remaining electrons to complete the octet for each atom. Start by placing the remaining 6 electrons around the oxygen atoms to satisfy their octet requirement. Each oxygen atom should have 8 electrons in total, including those shared in bonds.
5. Verify that each atom has achieved its octet. Hydrogen atoms are satisfied with 2 electrons, and each oxygen should have 8 electrons. Adjust the electron pairs if necessary to ensure all atoms meet their electron requirements.