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Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements
Chapter 7, Problem 24

The experimental Pb¬Cl bond length in lead(II)chloride, PbCl2, is 244 pm. Based on this value and data in Figure 7.7, predict the atomic radius of Pb.Periodic table highlighting atomic radii, including Pb with bond length of 244 pm.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Bond Length

Bond length is the distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms. In the case of lead(II) chloride (PbCl2), the experimental bond length of 244 pm indicates the spatial arrangement of lead and chlorine atoms in the compound. This measurement can provide insights into the size of the lead atom, as bond lengths are influenced by the atomic radii of the participating elements.
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Atomic Radius

Atomic radius is a measure of the size of an atom, typically defined as the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron shell. It varies across the periodic table, generally increasing down a group due to the addition of electron shells and decreasing across a period due to increased nuclear charge. Understanding atomic radius is crucial for predicting chemical behavior and bonding characteristics.
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Periodic Trends

Periodic trends refer to the predictable patterns observed in the properties of elements as one moves across or down the periodic table. For instance, atomic radius decreases across a period from left to right and increases down a group. These trends help in estimating the atomic radius of lead based on its position in the periodic table and the bond length provided.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Tungsten has the highest melting point of any metal in the periodic table: 3422 °C. The distance between W atoms in tungsten metal is 274 pm. (b) If you put tungsten metal under high pressure, predict what would happen to the distance between W atoms.

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Textbook Question

Which of the following statements about the bonding atomic radii in Figure 7.7 is incorrect? (i) For a given period, the radii of the representative elements generally decrease from left to right across a period. (ii) The radii of the representative elements for the n = 3 period are all larger than those of the corresponding elements in the n = 2 period. (iii) For most of the representative elements, the change in radius from the n = 2 to the n = 3 period is greater than the change in radius from n = 3 to n = 4. (iv) The radii of the transition elements generally increase moving from left to right within a period. (v) The large radii of the Group 1 elements are due to their relatively small effective nuclear charges.

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Textbook Question

Estimate the As¬I bond length from the data in Figure 7.7 and compare your value to the experimental As ¬I bond length in arsenic triiodide, AsI3, 2.55 Å.

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Textbook Question

Using only the periodic table, arrange each set of atoms in order from largest to smallest: (c) F, O, N.

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Textbook Question

Using only the periodic table, arrange each set of atoms in order of increasing radius: (b) S, Si, Sr

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Textbook Question

Identify each statement as true or false: (a) Cations are larger than their corresponding neutral atoms.

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