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Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements
Chapter 7, Problem 23

Estimate the As¬I bond length from the data in Figure 7.7 and compare your value to the experimental As ¬I bond length in arsenic triiodide, AsI3, 2.55 Å.
Periodic table highlighting atomic radii, relevant for estimating As-I bond length.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Atomic Radius

The atomic radius is a measure of the size of an atom, typically defined as the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron shell. In the context of bond length, the atomic radius of the involved elements can be used to estimate the distance between them in a bond. For arsenic (As) and iodine (I), their respective atomic radii are crucial for calculating the As-I bond length.
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Atomic Radius

Bond Length

Bond length is the average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms. It is influenced by the size of the atoms and the nature of the bond (single, double, etc.). In this case, estimating the As-I bond length involves using the atomic radii of arsenic and iodine, and comparing the calculated value to the experimentally determined bond length in arsenic triiodide (AsI3), which is 2.55 Å.
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Comparison to Experimental Data

Comparing calculated values to experimental data is a fundamental practice in chemistry. It allows for the validation of theoretical models and calculations. In this question, the estimated As-I bond length should be compared to the known experimental bond length of 2.55 Å in AsI3 to assess the accuracy of the estimation and understand the reliability of the atomic radius values used.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Tungsten has the highest melting point of any metal in the periodic table: 3422 °C. The distance between W atoms in tungsten metal is 274 pm. (a) What is the atomic radius of a tungsten atom in this environment? (This radius is called the metallic radius.)

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Textbook Question

Tungsten has the highest melting point of any metal in the periodic table: 3422 °C. The distance between W atoms in tungsten metal is 274 pm. (b) If you put tungsten metal under high pressure, predict what would happen to the distance between W atoms.

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Textbook Question

Which of the following statements about the bonding atomic radii in Figure 7.7 is incorrect? (i) For a given period, the radii of the representative elements generally decrease from left to right across a period. (ii) The radii of the representative elements for the n = 3 period are all larger than those of the corresponding elements in the n = 2 period. (iii) For most of the representative elements, the change in radius from the n = 2 to the n = 3 period is greater than the change in radius from n = 3 to n = 4. (iv) The radii of the transition elements generally increase moving from left to right within a period. (v) The large radii of the Group 1 elements are due to their relatively small effective nuclear charges.

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Textbook Question
The experimental Pb¬Cl bond length in lead(II)chloride, PbCl2, is 244 pm. Based on this value and data in Figure 7.7, predict the atomic radius of Pb.

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Textbook Question

Using only the periodic table, arrange each set of atoms in order from largest to smallest: (c) F, O, N.

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Textbook Question

Using only the periodic table, arrange each set of atoms in order of increasing radius: (b) S, Si, Sr

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