Would you expect that an anion would be physically closer to the oxygen or to the hydrogens of water molecules that surround it in solution?
Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Chapter 4, Problem 18a
Specify what ions are present upon dissolving each of the following substances in water: (a) MgI2
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Dissociation of Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds, when dissolved in water, undergo dissociation, breaking apart into their constituent ions. This process occurs because the polar water molecules surround and stabilize the individual ions, allowing them to separate from the solid lattice structure. Understanding this concept is crucial for predicting the ions formed when a specific ionic compound is dissolved.
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Ionic Charges
Each ion has a specific charge based on the number of electrons gained or lost relative to the neutral atom. For example, magnesium (Mg) typically loses two electrons to form a Mg²⁺ ion, while iodide (I) gains one electron to form I⁻ ions. Recognizing the charges of the ions is essential for determining the overall composition of the solution after dissolution.
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Stoichiometry of Dissolution
The stoichiometry of dissolution refers to the ratio of ions produced when an ionic compound dissolves in water. For instance, when magnesium iodide (MgI₂) dissolves, it produces one Mg²⁺ ion and two I⁻ ions. Understanding this ratio is important for calculating the concentration of each ion in solution and for predicting the behavior of the solution in chemical reactions.
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