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Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Chapter 4, Problem 48e

Determine the oxidation number of sulfur in each of the following substances: (e) Locate sulfur in the periodic table in Exercise 4.47; what region is it in?

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Oxidation Number

The oxidation number, or oxidation state, is a value assigned to an element in a compound that reflects its degree of oxidation or reduction. It indicates the number of electrons an atom gains, loses, or shares when forming chemical bonds. Understanding how to assign oxidation numbers is crucial for identifying redox reactions and balancing chemical equations.
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Periodic Table Groups

The periodic table is organized into groups and periods, with elements in the same group sharing similar chemical properties. Sulfur is located in Group 16, also known as the chalcogens, which includes oxygen and selenium. This group is characterized by elements that typically have six valence electrons, influencing their reactivity and bonding behavior.
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Chemical Bonding and Valence Electrons

Chemical bonding involves the interaction between atoms to form molecules, primarily through the sharing or transfer of valence electrons. The number of valence electrons determines how an element will bond with others. For sulfur, having six valence electrons allows it to form various compounds, influencing its oxidation states in different chemical environments.
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