(a) Which region of the periodic table shown here contains elements that are easiest to oxidize? (b) Which region contains the least readily oxidized elements?
Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Chapter 4, Problem 48e
Determine the oxidation number of sulfur in each of the following substances: (e) Locate sulfur in the periodic table in Exercise 4.47; what region is it in?
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Oxidation Number
The oxidation number, or oxidation state, is a value assigned to an element in a compound that reflects its degree of oxidation or reduction. It indicates the number of electrons an atom gains, loses, or shares when forming chemical bonds. Understanding how to assign oxidation numbers is crucial for identifying redox reactions and balancing chemical equations.
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Periodic Table Groups
The periodic table is organized into groups and periods, with elements in the same group sharing similar chemical properties. Sulfur is located in Group 16, also known as the chalcogens, which includes oxygen and selenium. This group is characterized by elements that typically have six valence electrons, influencing their reactivity and bonding behavior.
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Chemical Bonding and Valence Electrons
Chemical bonding involves the interaction between atoms to form molecules, primarily through the sharing or transfer of valence electrons. The number of valence electrons determines how an element will bond with others. For sulfur, having six valence electrons allows it to form various compounds, influencing its oxidation states in different chemical environments.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
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Textbook Question
Determine the oxidation number of sulfur in each of the following substances: (b) sulfurous acid, H2SO3
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Textbook Question
Determine the oxidation number of sulfur in each of the following substances: (d) hydrogen sulfide, H2S
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Textbook Question
Determine the oxidation number of sulfur in each of the following substances: (f) Which region(s) of the periodic table contains elements that can adopt both positive and negative oxidation numbers?
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Textbook Question
Determine the oxidation number for the indicated element in each of the following substances: (a) S in SO3
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Textbook Question
Determine the oxidation number for the indicated element in each of the following substances: (c) P in AgPF6
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