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Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria
All textbooksBrown 14th EditionCh.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous EquilibriaProblem 75
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Chapter 17, Problem 75

A solution contains three anions with the following concentrations: 0.20 M CrO4^2-, 0.10 M CO3^2-, and 0.010 M Cl-. If a dilute AgNO3 solution is slowly added to the solution, what is the first compound to precipitate: Ag2CrO4 (Ksp = 1.2 * 10^-12), Ag2CO3 (Ksp = 8.1 * 10^-12), or AgCl (Ksp = 1.8 * 10^-10)?

Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Identify the relevant chemical reactions for the precipitation of each compound: Ag2CrO4, Ag2CO3, and AgCl. Write the balanced equations for each reaction.
Step 2: Use the solubility product constant (Ksp) expressions for each compound to determine the concentration of Ag+ required to initiate precipitation. For example, for Ag2CrO4, the Ksp expression is Ksp = [Ag+]^2[CrO4^2-].
Step 3: Calculate the minimum concentration of Ag+ needed to start precipitation for each compound using the given Ksp values and the initial concentrations of the anions. Rearrange the Ksp expression to solve for [Ag+].
Step 4: Compare the calculated [Ag+] values for each compound. The compound with the lowest [Ag+] required for precipitation will be the first to precipitate.
Step 5: Conclude which compound precipitates first based on the comparison of the [Ag+] values calculated in the previous step.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

A solution of Na2SO4 is added dropwise to a solution that is 0.010 M in Ba2+(aq) and 0.010 M in Sr2+(aq). (a) What concentration of SO42- is necessary to begin precipitation? (Neglect volume changes. BaSO4: Ksp = 1.1⨉10-10; SrSO4: Ksp = 3.2⨉10-7.)

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Textbook Question

A solution of Na2SO4 is added dropwise to a solution that is 0.010 M in Ba2+(aq) and 0.010 M in Sr2+(aq). (b) Which cation precipitates first?

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Textbook Question

A solution of Na2SO4 is added dropwise to a solution that is 0.010 M in Ba2+(aq) and 0.010 M in Sr2+(aq). (c) What is the concentration of SO42-(aq) when the second cation begins to precipitate?

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Open Question
A 1.0 M Na2SO4 solution is slowly added to 10.0 mL of a solution that is 0.20 M in Ca2+ and 0.30 M in Ag+. (a) Which compound will precipitate first: CaSO4 (Ksp = 2.4 * 10^-5) or Ag2SO4 (Ksp = 1.5 * 10^-5)?
Textbook Question

A solution containing several metal ions is treated with dilute HCl; no precipitate forms. The pH is adjusted to about 1, and H2S is bubbled through. Again, no precipitate forms. The pH of the solution is then adjusted to about 8. Again, H2S is bubbled through. This time a precipitate forms. The filtrate from this solution is treated with (NH4)2HPO4. No precipitate forms. Which of these metal cations are either possibly present or definitely absent: Al3+, Na+, Ag+, Mg2+?

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Textbook Question

In the course of various qualitative analysis procedures, the following mixtures are encountered: (a) Zn2+ and Cd2+. Suggest how each mixture might be separated.

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