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Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions
All textbooksBrown 14th EditionCh.13 - Properties of SolutionsProblem 34a
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Chapter 13, Problem 34a

Which of the following in each pair is likely to be more soluble in water: (a) cyclohexane (C6H12) or glucose (C6H12O6),

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Polarity and Solubility

Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge over the atoms in a molecule. Polar molecules, which have a significant difference in electronegativity between their atoms, tend to dissolve well in polar solvents like water. In contrast, nonpolar molecules do not interact favorably with polar solvents, leading to lower solubility.
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Hydrogen Bonding

Hydrogen bonding is a type of strong intermolecular attraction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like oxygen or nitrogen. In the case of glucose, the presence of hydroxyl (-OH) groups allows it to form hydrogen bonds with water, significantly enhancing its solubility compared to nonpolar compounds like cyclohexane.
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Molecular Structure and Functional Groups

The molecular structure and functional groups of a compound play a crucial role in determining its chemical properties, including solubility. Glucose contains multiple hydroxyl groups that increase its interaction with water, while cyclohexane, being a hydrocarbon with a ring structure, lacks polar functional groups, making it less soluble in water.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

By referring to Figure 13.15, determine the mass of each of the following salts required to form a saturated solution in 250 g of water at 30 °C: (c) Ce2(SO4)3.

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Oil and water are immiscible. Which is the most likely reason? (a) Oil molecules are denser than water. (b) Oil molecules are composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen. (c) Oil molecules have higher molar masses than water. (d) Oil molecules have higher vapor pressures than water. (e) Oil molecules have higher boiling points than water.

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Textbook Question

Which of the following in each pair is likely to be more soluble in hexane, C6H14: b. benzene (C6H6) or glycerol, CH2(OH)CH(OH)CH2OH,

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Which of the following in each pair is likely to be more soluble in water: (c) HCl or ethyl chloride (CH3CH2Cl)? Explain in each case.

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Indicate whether each statement is true or false: (d) If you take a saturated solution and raise its temperature, you can (usually) add more solute and make the solution even more concentrated.

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Textbook Question
Indicate whether each statement is true or false: (c) The solubility of most gases in water decreases as the temperature increases because water is breaking its hydrogen bonding to the gas molecules as the temperature is raised.
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