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Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces

Chapter 11, Problem 73g

As the intermolecular attractive forces between molecules increase in magnitude, do you expect each of the following to increase or decrease in magnitude? (g) critical temperature.

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Hey everyone where asked how are the following quantities affected by stronger inter molecular forces. Starting off with vapor pressure, we can define vapor pressure as the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid state. So stronger inter molecular forces is going to lead to lower vapor pressure, which means that we will have a lower evaporation of our liquid. So are stronger inter molecular forces decrease that vapor pressure, which will subsequently increase our boiling point, and we can define boiling point as the temperature at which the vapor pressure equals the pressure surrounding the liquid. And since our vapor pressure decreased, our boiling point had to increase, since we need more energy to evaporate that liquid. So I hope this made sense and let us know if you have any questions.
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At 25 °C gallium is a solid with a density of 5.91 g/cm3. Its melting point, 29.8 °C, is low enough that you can melt it by holding it in your hand. The density of liquid gallium just above the melting point is 6.1 g/cm3. Based on this information, what unusual feature would you expect to find in the phase diagram of gallium?

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Indicate whether each statement is true or false: (c) Molecules that exhibit a liquid crystalline phase do so at well-defined temperatures and pressures.

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For a given substance, the liquid crystalline phase tends to be more viscous than the liquid phase. Why?

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The table below lists the density of O2 at various temperatures and at 1 atm. The normal melting point of O2 is 54 K.

(b) Over what temperature range is O2 a liquid?

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Textbook Question

Suppose you have two colorless molecular liquids, one boil- ing at - 84 °C, the other at 34 °C, and both at atmospheric 6 pressure. Which of the following statements is correct? For each statement that is not correct, modify the statement so that it is correct. (d) The two liquids have iden- tical vapor pressures at their normal boiling points.

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Textbook Question

Suppose you have two colorless molecular liquids, one boiling at - 84 °C, the other at 34 °C, and both at atmospheric 6 pressure. Which of the following statements is correct? For each statement that is not correct, modify the statement so that it is correct. (e) At - 84 °C both liquids have vapor pressures of 760 mm Hg.

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