Aldehydes and Ketones Reactions - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems
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1
concept
Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions
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1m
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In this video, we're gonna take a look at alcohol reactions and in particular reduction reactions. So here we're gonna say the reducing agent of sodium boro hydride, which is nabh four dissolve in water reacts with an alcohol. Now reducing agent, this is just a compound used to reduce aldehydes and ketones. Now the carbon oxygen gains an H in this process and the carbon carbon also gains an H. So we're creating carbon hydrogen bonds. Now, if we take a look here, we're looking at reductions. So we're moving from left to right. Notice that we're ignoring the carbon dioxide, this carbolic acid and this hydrocarbon when it comes to reduction, at least in gen chem. When you get to organic, it's gonna expand even more. But for right now, all you need to worry about is when we're talking about reduction, we're talking about aldehydes or keytones being reduced into some type of alcohol. And like we said, we're adding an H to the carbon, carbon, add an H to the carbon oxygen. So if I'm adding an H to this carbon, I have to get rid of one of these pie bonds because carbon can't make five bonds. Oxygen is ideal number of bonds is two. So it's lost a pi bond of carbon. So to make up for that, it also gains an H. And so that's basically where reduction will be locate the carbon, carbon, add an H to the carbon, add an H to the oxygen and basically take away their pi bond. In that way, you're gonna transform an aldehyde or ketone into some type of alcohol.
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example
Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions Example
Video duration:
50s
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Here it says, determine the alcohol product formed in the following reaction. So here we have a ketone and it's being reduced with sodium bro hydride over water to produce some type of alcohol. Remember fundamentally what's going on in a reduction here? Well, basically we're adding the hydrogen to the carbon carbon. We're adding a hydrogen to the carbon oxygen and we're removing the pyon between the carbon and oxygen. So you're gonna have CH three CH two. Here goes the carbon. We're adding an H to it. Here's a carbon oxygen. We're adding an H to it and we got rid of the pie bomb between the carbon and oxygen. And then we write in the rest ch two ch three. So this would be the alcohol that we create from the reduction of our ketone reactant.
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Problem
Problem
Determine the alcohol product formed in the following reaction.
A
B
C
D
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Problem
Problem
Name the alcohol product formed from the following reduction reaction.
A
5-ethyl-2-pentanol
B
3-methyl-6-heptanol
C
5-methyl-2-heptanol
D
3-methyl-5-pentanal
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Problem
Problem
Which of the following compounds could not be reduced?
A
2,2-dimethylpentane
B
2-methyl-1-pentanal
C
3-ethyl-2-heptanone
D
4-bromoheptanoic acid
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