General Chemistry
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Match the crystal-field splitting diagrams to the following descriptions:
i. a square planar complex of Pt2+
ii. a tetrahedral complex of Pt2+
iii. a weak-field octahedral complex of Co3+
vi. a strong-field octahedral complex of Co3+
Consider the following substitution reaction of the complex trans-[RuCl2(bipy)2]:
trans-[RuCl2(bipy)2](aq) + NO2–(aq) → trans-[RuCl(bipy)2(NO2)] + Cl–(aq)
Predict the crystal field splitting diagram for the reactant trans-[RuCl2(bipy)2] given that Cl– is a much more weaker-field ligand than bipyridine (bipy).
Consider the following formation constant for the complexes of a certain metal M:
(1) M(H2O)62+(aq) + 3 en(aq) ⇌ M(en)32+(aq) + 6 H2O(l) Kf,1 = 8.0×1017
(2) M(H2O)62+(aq) + 6 NH3(aq) ⇌ M(NH3)62+(aq) + 6 H2O(l) Kf,2 = 4.0×108
The values indicate that M(NH3)62+ is less stable than M(en)32+. Because both reactions have 6 M−N bonds, the change in enthalpy for the two reactions (ΔH°1 and ΔH°2) should be the same. Determine which of the two reactions has the greater change in entropy. Explain.
For an ML2 complex, what is its crystal field energy-level diagram if its two ligands are aligned along the ± z-axis and it has a linear geometry?
Ni2+ can form tetrahedral and square planar complexes having a formula of NiX2L2, where X is Br– or CN– and L is the monodentate ligand triphenylphosphine (PPh3). Give the possible structures for each NiX2L2 complex and identify which will have a net dipole moment, considering that NiBr2L2 is paramagnetic and Ni(CN)2L2 is diamagnetic.
The crystal field energy-level diagram for a square pyramidal complex (ML5) is known to be intermediate between an octahedral complex (ML6) and a square planar complex (ML4).
Does the crystal field energy-level diagram below correspond to a square pyramidal, ML5, complex with one ligand along the ±z-axis, two along the ±x-axis, and two along the ±y-axis?
Cobalt complexes, characterized by the chemical formula CoX2L2, wherein X is Cl− or N-bonded NCS− and L is a monodentate triphenylphosphine ligand, can exhibit either a tetrahedral or square planar geometry. What are the crystal field energy-level diagrams that illustrate the distribution of electrons within the orbitals for a tetrahedral and square-planar CoX2L2 complex?
The nickel complex ions [NiCl4]2– and [Ni(NH3)6]2+ have different colors. [NiCl4]2– is blue, while [Ni(NH3)6]2+ is violet. Explain this color difference and identify the complex that will absorb at longer wavelengths.