Shown here are sketches of two processes. Which of the processes refers to the ductility of metals and which refers to malleability of metals? (a)



(b)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the definitions of ductility and malleability. Ductility refers to the ability of a metal to be drawn into a wire, while malleability refers to the ability of a metal to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets.
2. Step 2: Analyze the first image (a). It shows a metal being heated and drawn into a wire, which is a characteristic of ductility.
3. Step 3: Analyze the second image (b). It shows molten metal being poured, which is a process that can be associated with shaping metals into sheets or other forms, indicating malleability.
4. Step 4: Match the processes to their respective properties. The process in image (a) refers to ductility, and the process in image (b) refers to malleability.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the sketches illustrate the ductility of metals in image (a) and the malleability of metals in image (b).

Key Concepts

Ductility

Ductility is the ability of a material, typically metals, to be stretched into a wire without breaking. This property is crucial in applications where materials need to be drawn into thin shapes, such as electrical wiring. The process often involves heating the metal to increase its malleability, allowing it to deform under tensile stress.

Malleability

Malleability refers to a material's capacity to deform under compressive stress, allowing it to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets. This property is essential in metalworking processes, such as forging and rolling, where metals are shaped without cracking. Malleable materials can be easily manipulated, making them suitable for various applications, including metal foils and sheets.

Heat Treatment

Heat treatment is a process used to alter the physical and sometimes chemical properties of a material, particularly metals. By heating and cooling metals in controlled ways, their ductility and malleability can be enhanced. This process is vital in metallurgy, as it helps achieve desired mechanical properties, making metals more suitable for specific applications.