Assume that you have a sample of gas in a cylinder with a movable piston, as shown in the following drawing:

Redraw the apparatus to show what the sample will look like after (a) the temperature is increased from 300 K to 450 K at constant pressure

Key Concepts

Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law is a fundamental equation in chemistry that relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a gas. It is expressed as PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin. This law helps predict how a gas will behave under different conditions, making it essential for understanding gas behavior in the given scenario.

Charles's Law

Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure is held constant. Mathematically, it can be expressed as V1/T1 = V2/T2. This principle is crucial for the question, as it allows us to determine how the volume of the gas will change when the temperature is increased from 300 K to 450 K while maintaining constant pressure.

Kinetic Molecular Theory

The Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the behavior of gases in terms of the motion of their particles. It posits that gas particles are in constant, random motion and that temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of these particles. As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the gas particles also increases, leading to greater movement and expansion of the gas, which is relevant for visualizing the changes in the gas sample when heated.