Chapter 33, Problem 3
Which statement best characterizes primary growth? a. It does not occur in roots, only in shoots. b. It leads to the development of cork tissue. c. It produces the dermal, ground, and vascular tissues. d. It produces rings of xylem, phloem, and cork tissue.
Video transcript
What is a sieve-tube element? a. the sugar-conducting cell found in phloem b. the widened, perforation-containing, water-conducting cell found only in angiosperms c. the nutrient- and water-absorbing cell found in root hairs d. the nucleated and organelle-rich support cell found in phloem
Evaluate the following statements regarding tracheids and vessel elements. Select True or False for each statement. T/F Both tracheids and vessel elements are specialized for water conduction. T/F Both tracheids and vessel elements have pits. T/F Vessel elements have perforation plates but tracheids do not. T/F Tracheids and vessel elements have to be alive in order to transport water.
What is the role of companion cells in the movement of sugars through plants? a. They are the sites of sugar production by photosynthesis. d. They are the sites where starch is converted to sucrose. c. They secrete sucrose, which draws sugars through phloem under negative pressure. d. They accumulate sucrose, which is then transferred to adjacent sieve-tube elements.
Which statement best characterizes secondary growth? a. It results from cell divisions in the vascular and cork cambia. b. It increases the length of the plant stem. c. It results from divisions in the apical meristem cells. d. It often produces phloem cells to the inside and xylem cells to the outside of the vascular cambium.
Describe the general function of the shoot and the general function of the root system. Which tissues are continuous throughout these two systems? Suggest a hypothesis to explain why the shoot and root systems of different species are so variable in size and shape.