Chapter 25, Problem 5
Which of the following steps has not yet been accomplished by scientists studying the origin of life? a. synthesis of small RNA polymers by ribozymes b. formation of molecular aggregates with selectively permeable membranes c. formation of protocells that use DNA to direct the polymerization of amino acids d. abiotic synthesis of organic molecules
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The oxygen revolution changed Earth's environment dramatically. Which of the following took advantage of the presence of free oxygen in the oceans and atmosphere? a. the evolution of cellular respiration, which used oxygen to help harvest energy from organic molecules b. the persistence of some animal groups in anaerobic habitats c. the evolution of photosynthetic pigments that protected early algae from the corrosive effects of oxygen d. the evolution of chloroplasts after early protists incorporated photosynthetic cyanobacteria
Which factor most likely caused animals and plants in India to differ greatly from species in nearby southeast Asia? a. The species became separated by convergent evolution. b. The climates of the two regions are similar. c. India is in the process of separating from the rest of Asia. d. India was a separate continent until 45 million years ago.
A genetic change that caused a certain Hox gene to be expressed along the tip of a vertebrate limb bud instead of farther back helped make possible the evolution of the tetrapod limb. This type of change is illustrative of a. the influence of environment on development. b. paedomorphosis. c. a change in a developmental gene or in its regulation that altered the spatial organization of body parts. d. heterochrony.