Textbook Question
Muscle cells differ from nerve cells mainly because they
a. Express different genes.
b. Contain different genes.
c. Use different genetic codes.
d. Have unique ribosomes.
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Ch. 18 - Regulation of Gene Expression
Urry11th EditionCampbell BiologyISBN: 9789357423311
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry8
- Ch. 2 - The Chemical Context of Life8
- Ch. 3 - Water and Life6
- Ch. 4 - Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life9
- Ch. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules9
- Ch. 6 - A Tour of the Cell6
- Ch. 7 - Membrane Structure and Function6
- Ch. 8 - An Introduction to Metabolism6
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation10
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis7
- Ch. 11 - Cell Communication7
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle10
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles10
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene Idea14
- Ch, 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance7
- Ch. 16 - The Molecular Basis of Inheritance9
- Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein9
- Ch. 18 - Regulation of Gene Expression10
- Ch. 19 - Viruses6
- Ch. 20 - DNA Tools and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution8
- Ch. 22 - Descent with Modification: A Darwininan View of Life6
- Ch. 23 - The Evolution of Populations5
- Ch. 24 - The Origin of Species6
- Ch. 25 - The History of Life on Earth6
- Ch. 26 - Phylogeny and the Tree of Life7
- Ch. 27 - Bacteria and Archaea8
- Ch. 28 - Protists7
- Ch. 29 - Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land7
- Ch. 30 - Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants7
- Ch. 31 - Fungi5
- Ch. 32 - An Overview of Animal Diversity4
- Ch. 33 - An introduction to Invertebrates6
- Ch. 34 - The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates7
- Ch. 35 - Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development8
- Ch. 36 - Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants8
- Ch. 37 - Soil and Plant Nutrition10
- Ch. 38 - Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 39 - Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals8
- Ch. 40 - Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function8
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition7
- Ch. 42 - Circulation and Gas Exchange7
- Ch. 43 - The Immune System6
- Ch. 44 - Osmoregulation and Excretion6
- Ch. 45 - Hormones and the Endocrine System8
- Ch. 46 - Animal Reproduction8
- Ch. 47 - Animal Development8
- Ch. 48 - Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling6
- Ch. 49 - Nervous Systems8
- Ch. 50 - Sensory and Motor Mechanisms5
- Ch. 51 Animal Behavior6
- Ch. 52 - An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere7
- Ch. 53 - Population Ecology10
- Ch. 54 - Community Ecology9
- Ch. 55 - Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology8
- Ch. 56 - Conservation Biology and Global Change6
Chapter 18, Problem 5
Which of the following is an example of post-transcriptional control of gene expression?
a. The addition of methyl groups to cytosine bases of DNA
b. The binding of transcription factors to a promoter
c. The removal of introns and alternative splicing of exons
d. Gene amplification contributing to cancer
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that post-transcriptional control refers to the regulation of gene expression after the transcription process has occurred.
Recall that transcription is the process where the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into RNA.
Identify that post-transcriptional modifications include processes that occur to the RNA transcript after it is synthesized, such as splicing, editing, and transport.
Recognize that the removal of introns and alternative splicing of exons are processes that modify the RNA transcript after transcription, thus fitting the definition of post-transcriptional control.
Conclude that option c, 'the removal of introns and alternative splicing of exons,' is an example of post-transcriptional control of gene expression.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Post-Transcriptional Control
Post-transcriptional control refers to the regulation of gene expression after the transcription of DNA to mRNA. This includes processes such as RNA splicing, editing, transport, and degradation. These mechanisms allow cells to modify mRNA molecules, influencing which proteins are produced and in what quantities, thus playing a crucial role in cellular function and adaptation.
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01:56
Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation
RNA Splicing
RNA splicing is a process where introns, non-coding regions of a pre-mRNA transcript, are removed, and exons, coding sequences, are joined together. This process is essential for producing a mature mRNA molecule that can be translated into a protein. Alternative splicing allows a single gene to produce multiple protein variants, increasing the diversity of proteins a cell can produce.
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02:32Eukaryotic RNA Processing and Splicing
Alternative Splicing
Alternative splicing is a mechanism by which different combinations of exons are joined together to produce multiple mRNA variants from a single gene. This process allows for the generation of diverse protein isoforms with potentially different functions from the same genetic sequence, contributing to the complexity of gene expression regulation and protein function in eukaryotic organisms.
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05:171) Alternative RNA Splicing
Related Practice
Textbook Question
The functioning of enhancers is an example of
a. A eukaryotic equivalent of prokaryotic promoter functioning.
b. Transcriptional control of gene expression.
c. The stimulation of translation by initiation factors.
d. Post-translational control that activates certain proteins.
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Textbook Question
Cell differentiation always involves
a. Transcription of the myoD gene.
b. The movement of cells.
c. The production of tissue-specific proteins.
d. The selective loss of certain genes from the genome.
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Textbook Question
What would occur if the repressor of an inducible operon were mutated so it could not bind the operator?
a. Irreversible binding of the repressor to the promoter
b. Reduced transcription of the operon's genes
c. Buildup of a substrate for the pathway controlled by the operon
d. Continuous transcription of the operon's genes
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Textbook Question
Absence of bicoid mRNA from a Drosophila egg leads to the absence of anterior larval body parts and mirror-image duplication of posterior parts. This is evidence that the product of the bicoid gene
a. Normally leads to formation of head structures.
b. Normally leads to formation of tail structures.
c. Is transcribed in the early embryo.
d. Is a protein present in all head structures.
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Textbook Question
Which of the following statements about the DNA in one of your brain cells is true?
a. Most of the DNA codes for protein.
b. The majority of genes are likely to be transcribed.
c. It is the same as the DNA in one of your liver cells.
d. Each gene lies immediately adjacent to an enhancer.
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