Which hormone is correctly paired with its action? (A) oxytocin—stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth (B) thyroxine—inhibits metabolic processes (C) ACTH—inhibits the release of glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex (D) melatonin—raises blood calcium level
Ch. 45 - Hormones and the Endocrine System
Chapter 45, Problem 7
The relationship between the insect hormones ecdysteroid and PTTH is an example of a. an interaction of the endocrine and nervous systems. b. homeostasis achieved by positive feedback. c. homeostasis maintained by antagonistic hormones. d. competitive inhibition of a hormone receptor.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Ecdysteroid and PTTH
Ecdysteroids are steroid hormones that regulate molting and metamorphosis in insects, while PTTH (Prothoracicotropic Hormone) is a neurohormone produced in the brain that stimulates the production of ecdysteroids from the prothoracic glands. This relationship exemplifies how hormones can interact to control physiological processes, particularly in the context of growth and development.
Endocrine and Nervous Systems Interaction
The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream, while the nervous system transmits signals through neurons. The interaction between these two systems is crucial for regulating various bodily functions, including growth and stress responses, highlighting how hormonal signals can be influenced by neural inputs, as seen with PTTH's role in ecdysteroid release.
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Homeostasis
Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism despite external changes. In insects, hormonal interactions, such as those between ecdysteroids and PTTH, play a vital role in achieving homeostasis by regulating processes like growth and development, ensuring that the organism can adapt to its environment effectively.
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DRAW IT In mammals, the production of the hormone IGF-1 by the liver is controlled by growth hormone (GH) and GH-releasing hormone. Draw a simple sketch of this pathway, including glands, tissues, hormones, routes for hormone movement, and effects.
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